THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS C INFECTION IN THAILAND

泰国丙型肝炎感染的流行病学

• 批准号: 6175502
• 负责人: Kenrad E Nelson
• 金额: $ 33.56万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-20 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6175502
• 关键词: HIV infections; blood donor; clinical research; cooperative study; disease /disorder etiology; epidemiology; genetic susceptibility; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; hepatitis C virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; human subject; intravenous drug abuse; liver failure; military personnel; pathologic process; prostitution; southeast Asia

The proposed research program will involve integrated collaborative studies of the epidemiology, biology and natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Northern Thailand. Infections with HCV are a worldwide health problem and are a major cause of chronic liver disease, liver cancer and cirrhosis. It is estimated that 4 million persons in the United States and 180 million persons worldwide are infected with HCV. After infection 80 percent of individuals will become chronic carriers and 20 percent of them will progress to chronic liver disease or cancer in the next 15-20 years. Epidemiologic studies in some populations have found high rates of HCV in injection drug users and lower but elevated rates from sexual and perinatal transmission. However, infections in many individuals are cryptogenic. The reasons for the persistence of HCV infection in such a high proportion of infected individuals is not clear. However, the virus is genetically quite diverse and viral variation with the emergence of new quasispecies usually occurs in chronically infected people. Furthermore the epidemiology and transmission of HCV is intertwined with HIV, so many persons who are infected with both viruses may be immunosuppressed. The studies we have planned will involve comprehensive investigations of the epidemiology, virology and natural history of HCV infections in various populations in Northern Thailand, most of whom are being evaluated for HIV infection. Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer in Thailand and HCV prevalence in blood donors is 8-10 fold greater than in the U.S. The study populations will include injection drug users, sex workers, STD patients, military recruits, blood donors and their spouses and general community populations. Through the transfer of technology for HCV research to our collaborators, we hope to focus on understanding the biology and epidemiology of HCV and the development of more effective prevention of HCV.

拟议的研究计划将涉及泰国北部丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的流行病学，生物学和自然史的合作研究。 HCV感染是全球健康问题，是慢性肝病，肝癌和肝硬化的主要原因。 据估计，美国的400万人和全球1.8亿人感染了HCV。在感染80％的个体将成为慢性携带者之后，其中20％将在未来15 - 20年内发展为慢性肝病或癌症。 一些人群的流行病学研究发现，注射吸毒者的HCV率很高，性和围产期传播的率较低但率提高。 但是，许多人的感染是隐源性的。 在如此高的感染个体中，HCV感染持续存在的原因尚不清楚。然而，该病毒在遗传上是非常多样化的，病毒变异，新的准人的出现通常发生在长期感染的人中。 此外，HCV的流行病学和传播与艾滋病毒交织在一起，因此许多感染了这两种病毒的人可能会受到免疫抑制。 我们计划进行的研究将涉及泰国北部各种人群中HCV感染的流行病学，病毒学和自然史的全面研究，其中大多数人正在接受HIV感染评估。 肝癌是泰国癌症的主要原因之一，献血者的HCV患病率比美国大8-10倍，研究人群将包括注射吸毒者，性工作者，性病患者，军事新兵，献血者，配偶及其配偶及其配偶和一般社区人群。 通过将HCV研究技术转移给我们的合作者，我们希望专注于了解HCV的生物学和流行病学以及对HCV的更有效预防的发展。