THE USE OF PERSPECTIVE DURING REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION

本研究计划的目标是确定会话参与者在参考沟通过程中如何容易地利用有关其共同参与者观点的信息。将进行三组实验，以确定1)对话者在参考真实物体时产生和使用凝视和身体方向信息的程度；2)对话参与者适应中性和以他人为中心的视角（忽略他们自己的自我中心视角）的难易程度，这取决于视角转换的频率和特定视角维持的时间长度。3)在共同基础上为共同视角做出贡献的经验对参考解释的影响程度，与非对话环境下的解释形成对比。参与者将被安排进行参考交流任务，有时是与同盟者交谈。他们的行为将被头戴式眼球追踪设备监控，该设备将固定在场景记录上，并与记录的语言行为时间锁定。参考文献产生和解释的时间过程将通过计算参与者查看和获取参考文献所需的时间来衡量。这些研究将使用消歧义点操作，根据是否考虑到有关透视的信息，改变引用表达式中无歧义所指可识别的点。

The objectives of this research proposal are to determine how easily conversational participants are able to make use of information about their co-participants' perspectives during referential communication. Three groups of experiments will be run to determine 1) the extent to which interlocutors produce and make use of gaze and body orientation information during reference to real objects, 2) the ease with which conversational participants can adapt to neutral and other-centered perspectives (ignoring their own egocentric perspective) depending on the frequency with which perspectives are shifted and the length of time with which a particular perspective is maintained, and 3) the extent to which the experience of contributing to a joint perspective in common ground affects reference interpretation in ways that contrast with interpretation in non-conversational settings. Participants will be placed in referential communication tasks, sometimes with confederate speakers. Their behavior will be monitored with (head-mounted eyetracking equipment that superimposes fixations on a scene recording and is time- locked to the recorded linguistic behavior]. The time course of reference production and interpretation will be measured by calculating the time it takes participants to look at and reach for referents. The studies will use point-of-disambiguation manipulations, varying the point in the referring expression at which an unambiguous referent is identifiable depending on whether or not information about perspective is being taken into account.