THE USE OF PERSPECTIVE DURING REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION

本研究的目的是确定如何容易会话参与者能够利用他们的共同参与者的角度在参考通信的信息。将进行三组实验以确定1）对话者在参考真实的物体期间产生和利用凝视和身体取向信息的程度，2）会话参与者能够适应中立和以他人为中心的观点的容易性（忽略自我中心的观点）取决于透视变换的频率和保持特定透视的时间长度，和3）在共同点中促成共同观点的经验在多大程度上影响参考解释，与非对话环境中的解释形成对比。参与者将被放置在参考通信任务，有时与邦联发言人。他们的行为将被监测（头戴式眼动跟踪设备，该设备将注视叠加在场景记录上，并与记录的语言行为时间锁定）。参照物产生和解释的时间进程将通过计算参与者观看和接触参照物所需的时间来衡量。这些研究将使用消歧点操作，根据是否考虑到有关视角的信息，在指称表达中改变一个明确的指称物是可识别的点。

The objectives of this research proposal are to determine how easily conversational participants are able to make use of information about their co-participants' perspectives during referential communication. Three groups of experiments will be run to determine 1) the extent to which interlocutors produce and make use of gaze and body orientation information during reference to real objects, 2) the ease with which conversational participants can adapt to neutral and other-centered perspectives (ignoring their own egocentric perspective) depending on the frequency with which perspectives are shifted and the length of time with which a particular perspective is maintained, and 3) the extent to which the experience of contributing to a joint perspective in common ground affects reference interpretation in ways that contrast with interpretation in non-conversational settings. Participants will be placed in referential communication tasks, sometimes with confederate speakers. Their behavior will be monitored with (head-mounted eyetracking equipment that superimposes fixations on a scene recording and is time- locked to the recorded linguistic behavior]. The time course of reference production and interpretation will be measured by calculating the time it takes participants to look at and reach for referents. The studies will use point-of-disambiguation manipulations, varying the point in the referring expression at which an unambiguous referent is identifiable depending on whether or not information about perspective is being taken into account.