THE USE OF PERSPECTIVE DURING REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION

在参考交流中视角的运用

• 批准号: 6208887
• 负责人: JOY E HANNA
• 金额: $ 3.09万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6208887
• 关键词: clinical research; communication behavior; human subject; paralinguistic behavior; perception; psycholinguistics

The objectives of this research proposal are to determine how easily conversational participants are able to make use of information about their co-participants' perspectives during referential communication. Three groups of experiments will be run to determine 1) the extent to which interlocutors produce and make use of gaze and body orientation information during reference to real objects, 2) the ease with which conversational participants can adapt to neutral and other-centered perspectives (ignoring their own egocentric perspective) depending on the frequency with which perspectives are shifted and the length of time with which a particular perspective is maintained, and 3) the extent to which the experience of contributing to a joint perspective in common ground affects reference interpretation in ways that contrast with interpretation in non-conversational settings. Participants will be placed in referential communication tasks, sometimes with confederate speakers. Their behavior will be monitored with (head-mounted eyetracking equipment that superimposes fixations on a scene recording and is time- locked to the recorded linguistic behavior]. The time course of reference production and interpretation will be measured by calculating the time it takes participants to look at and reach for referents. The studies will use point-of-disambiguation manipulations, varying the point in the referring expression at which an unambiguous referent is identifiable depending on whether or not information about perspective is being taken into account.

本研究计划的目的是确定对话参与者在参考交流期间如何轻松地利用有关其共同参与者观点的信息。将进行三组实验来确定：1）对话者在参考真实物体时产生和利用凝视和身体方向信息的程度，2）对话参与者适应中立和以他人为中心的观点（忽略他们自己的自我中心观点）的容易程度，取决于观点转变的频率和维持特定观点的时间长度，以及3） 在共同基础上形成共同观点的经验会以与非对话环境中的解释形成对比的方式影响参考解释。参与者将被安排执行参考沟通任务，有时与同盟发言人一起。他们的行为将受到（头戴式眼动追踪设备的监控，该设备将注视点叠加在场景记录上，并与记录的语言行为进行时间锁定）。参考产生和解释的时间过程将通过计算参与者观察和接触所指对象所需的时间来测量。研究将使用消歧点操作，改变所指表达中可识别明确所指对象的点，具体取决于是否 或者不考虑有关视角的信息。