FAMILY SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CHILDHOOD OBESITY

描述：目前的估计显示，25%的美国人 儿童肥胖，儿童早期肥胖的发生率是 越来越多。许多超重的儿童成为肥胖的成年人，不断地 与体重问题和伴随而来的代谢紊乱作斗争 肥胖。如果一个孩子在肥胖状态下进入青春期，那么 4比1反对在以后的生活中达到正常体重。因此，它是 显然，预防或早期治疗这种疾病是至关重要的 与终生肥胖及其并发症作斗争。但是，当 检查了众多治疗方案的长期成功率。 很明显，长期减肥的成年人 是一个反常现象。对于儿童来说，结果甚至更加严峻，因为 关于糖尿病的治疗，研究很少，共识也较少 儿童肥胖症。此前报道的研究主要集中在 有选择地改变肥胖发生前的行为(食物摄入量 和锻炼方案)或可替换地关于记录和改进 肥胖的新陈代谢后果。 这项提议的目的是统一行为和代谢程序 在一个共同的实验设计下产生一个全面的视图 儿童早期肥胖的前因和后果。先前 开发的协议将被用来描述个人 5-10岁儿童在以下方面：1)他们的能力 调节食物摄入量；2)饮食结构对儿童的影响 摄食规律；3)体成分特征；4) 24小时能量消耗，由整个房间间接确定 量热法；5)选定的心理变量，如儿童的 自尊、身体形象与体感的关系 父母试图控制他们的饮食行为。此外，数据 将收集的重点是家庭环境，以便 儿童结果测量的差异可以解释为 他们在家庭环境中成长的背景。 父母的节食史和体重状况，他们对 他们的孩子的体重状况以及他们的孩子喂养 将对实践进行衡量。这些数据将用于测试一个模型 根据初步数据，肥胖症的发展表明 儿童的能量摄入调节和体重结果是 父母和孩子之间的双向关系，即 在自然界中既有遗传的，也有环境的。这样做的长期目标是 研究路线是确定有效干预的时间点 并且可以制定预防策略。

DESCRIPTION: Current estimates reveal that 25 percent of American children are obese and that the incidence of early childhood obesity is increasing. Many overweight children become obese adults who constantly struggle with weight issues and the metabolic disorders that accompany obesity. If a child enters adolescence in the obese state, the odds are 4 to 1 against achieving normal weight later in life. Thus, it is evident that prevention or early management of this disease is critical in combating a lifetime of obesity and its complications. However, when long-term success rates of the numerous treatment programs are examined it becomes apparent that the adult who maintains a long-term weight loss is an anomaly. The results for children are even more grim since there is little research, and less consensus, regarding the treatment of childhood obesity. Previously reported studies have focussed on selectively modifying behaviors which precede obesity onset (food intake and exercise protocols) or alternatively on documenting and ameliorating the metabolic consequences of obesity. The aim of this proposal is to unify behavioral and metabolic procedures under a common experimental design to produce a comprehensive view of the antecedents and consequences of early childhood obesity. Previously developed protocols will be employed to characterize individual children, 5-10 years of age, with respect to: 1) their ability to regulate food intake; 2) the influence of diet composition on children's food intake regulation; 3) their body composition characteristics; 4) 24 hour energy expenditure as determined by whole room indirect calorimetry; and 5) selected psychological variables such as children's self-esteem, body image and their perception of the degree to which parents attempt to control their eating behavior. In addition, data will be collected which focusses on the family environment so that differences in children's outcome measures can be interpreted in the context of the family environment in which they have developed. Parents' dieting histories and weight statuses, their concerns about their children's weight statuses as well as their child-feeding practices will be measured. These data will be used to test a model of obesity development which, based upon preliminary data, suggests that children's energy intake regulation and weight outcome are the result of a bidirectional relationship between parents and children that is both genetic and environmental in nature. The long-term goal of this line of research is to identify points at which effective intervention and prevention strategies can be developed.