EFFECT OF VERY EARLY COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION ON LANGUAGE

早期人工耳蜗植入对语言的影响

• 批准号: 6286950
• 负责人: JOHANNA G NICHOLAS
• 金额: $ 27.03万
• 依托单位: CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-27 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6286950
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cochlear implants; congenital deafness; early experience; human subject; human therapy evaluation; language development; preschool child (1-5); speech

DESCRIPTION (from applicant's abstract): The implementation of newborn hearing screening practices is leading to more children with hearing loss being identified in infancy. Parents and hearing professionals are being faced with making decisions about intervention strategies for these young children. This study addresses an issue of critical importance to those who must decide whether and when to provide a young deaf child with a cochlear implant. Research in child language acquisition suggests that improved auditory stimulation should be introduced as early as possible to take advantage of the infant's propensity to learn language. On the other hand, the trauma to a family upon learning that their child is deaf and the difficulties professionals encounter in obtaining reliable behavioral thresholds at very young ages are among reasons cited for waiting until the child is older to perform implant surgery. The consequences of delaying the decision to provide an implant could be substantial. Previous work by the principal investigator on the acquisition of early communicative behaviors by normal hearing and deaf children under 54 months of age documents the dramatic delay exhibited by oral deaf children in many important precursors of normal language. Development of these behaviors is predictive of their spoken language competence several years later. If the documented speech perception benefits available from a cochlear implant can ameliorate these deficits, then early implantation is critical for families who value development of spoken language in their deaf child. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of implantation during the crucial language-learning period before 3 years of age on communication and language skills exhibited at 3 and 4 years of age. Over 5 years, 50 children receiving an implant before 3 years of age who are enrolled in oral education programs across the country will be videotaped in conversational interaction when they are 3 1/2 years and again at 4 1/2 years of age. The communicative functions, lexical, and syntactic characteristics of their language will be quantified and analyzed in relation to the age at which they received an implant: 18-23 months or 30-35 months. Results will be compared with our existing data on normally hearing 3 1/2 and 4 1/2 year olds. The design will allow for age of implantation effects to be measured while holding duration of implant use constant. It is hypothesized that the importance of early auditory experience will be reflected in communicative function and language use that is closer to that of normally hearing age mates the earlier the child received the implant.

描述（来自申请人的摘要）：新生儿听证会的实施 筛查惯例导致更多的听力损失的儿童是 在婴儿期确定。父母和听力专业人士面临 为这些幼儿做出有关干预策略的决定。这 研究解决了必须决定是否是否 何时为年轻的聋哑儿童提供人工耳蜗。研究 儿童语言获取表明，改善的听觉刺激应该是 尽早引入，以利用婴儿的倾向 学习语言。另一方面，一家人在得知一家人的创伤 他们的孩子是聋哑人，专业人士在获得的困难中遇到的困难 非常年轻的可靠行为阈值是引用的原因之一 等到孩子年龄较大才能进行植入手术。后果 延迟提供植入物的决定可能很重要。以前的工作 由首席研究者关于早期交流的收购 正常听力和54个月以下的聋哑儿童的行为 口腔聋子儿童在许多重要的前体中表现出戏剧性的延迟 普通语言。这些行为的发展可以预测他们的口语 语言能力几年后。如果有记录的语音感知 人工耳蜗可获得的好处可以改善这些缺陷，然后 早期植入对于重视口语发展的家庭至关重要 他们的聋子中的语言。 这项研究的目的是检查植入期间的影响 3岁之前的关键语言学习期在交流和 语言技能在3岁和4岁时表现出来。超过5年，有50个孩子 在3岁之前接受口腔教育的植入物 全国各地的节目将在对话互动中进行录像 当它们年满3 1/2岁时，在4 1/2岁的年龄。交流 其语言的功能，词汇和句法特征将是 与他们收到的年龄相关的量化和分析 植入物：18-23个月或30-35个月。结果将与我们的 正常听到3 1/2和4 1/2岁的现有数据。设计将 允许在保持持续时间的同时测量植入效果的年龄 植入物使用常数。假设早期听觉的重要性 经验将反映在交流功能和语言使用中 靠近正常听力年龄的伴侣，孩子收到的越早 注入。