Strengthening Capacity to Alleviate Poverty through Ecosystem Services (SCAPES): Putting methodological developments into practice

加强通过生态系统服务扶贫的能力（SCAPES）：将方法发展付诸实践

• 批准号: NE/G008396/1
• 负责人: Pushpam Kumar
• 金额: $ 19.44万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG008396%2F1
• 关键词: Strengthening; Capacity; Alleviate; Poverty; through

In South Asia in general and India in particular, more than one fourth of the population depends for their livelihood upon the services from different ecosystems but are below the poverty line and are characterised as having a low level of well-being. Conventional decisions of public policy are taken without acknowledging the people-ecosystem linkages. This creates situations where the condition and the ability of ecosystems to deliver those services are affected adversely. Some of the drivers of change, like climatic variations and loss of biodiversity, are linked with drivers like demographic dynamics and rapidly expanding trade and investment in the region. The scientific evidence base is sufficiently broad and strong to suggest that ecosystem service delivery in the region is changing and this change is impacting the societal well-being and material dimension of the poor in the region, but the capacity to internalise the concerns of changing ecosystems and its implications for poverty alleviation in dominant public policy is limited. Growing societal pressures and the availability of credible scientific evidence like Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) and Inter Government Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have made decision-makers receptive to the role ecosystem services in improving the material condition of the poor. Some of the recent initiatives by the Government of India on watershed management, national action plan on climate change and desertification, assessment of wasteland, new forest policies, task force on Tiger and biosphere reserve programme clearly demonstrate this level of this receptivity. However, the mechanisms through which the aspects of ecosystem can be made integral part of mainstream planning and policies need a more concerted and focussed approach. The capacity of the decision makers to analyse the way choices made by society might impact the functioning of ecosystem is not adequate. One of the significant gaps in the capacity identified during Situation Analysis conducted for South Asia under ESPA is the ability to capture the benefits people derive from ecosystems. Since the prevailing market does not account the benefits, the decision making tool chooses to ignore the benefits of ecosystem services and the costs of ecosystem degradation. People depend on those services but the level of dependence is proportionately more for the poor than the rich. In this context, the proposed research will focus on two components: 1. Methodological development to support policy design; and 2. Building capacity and demand. Component 1 will synthesise available information on state-of-the-art methods to support the decision-making process, facilitating the development of these methods within the region and the development of 'toolkits', such as a toolkit for the valuation of regulating services, and decision support systems. Component 2 will build capacity within the region through engaging key stakeholders and decision makers at province level to disseminate the findings of component 1, fostering regional demand for future work within this area, developing regional capacity and awareness amongst the regional research community and developing networks for future collaborations. The project strives to build upon the past and on-going work with the feedback from the stakeholders and key decision-makers in a trans-disciplinary and reiterative framework.

在整个南亚，特别是印度，超过四分之一的人口依靠不同生态系统的服务为生，但他们生活在贫困线以下，福利水平低。传统的公共政策决定是在不承认人与生态系统之间的联系的情况下作出的。这就造成了生态系统提供这些服务的条件和能力受到不利影响的情况。一些变化的驱动因素，如气候变化和生物多样性的丧失，与人口动态和该地区迅速扩大的贸易和投资等驱动因素有关。科学证据基础广泛而有力，足以表明该区域的生态系统服务提供正在发生变化，这种变化正在影响该区域穷人的社会福祉和物质层面，但将不断变化的生态系统及其对减贫的影响纳入主流公共政策的能力有限。不断增长的社会压力以及千年生态系统评估（MA）和政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）等可靠科学证据的可用性使决策者接受生态系统服务在改善穷人物质条件方面的作用。印度政府最近在流域管理、气候变化和荒漠化国家行动计划、荒地评估、新的森林政策、老虎问题工作队和生物圈保护区方案等方面采取的一些举措，清楚地表明了这种接受程度。然而，使生态系统的各个方面成为主流规划和政策的组成部分的机制需要采取更加协调一致和重点突出的办法。决策者没有足够的能力分析社会所作的选择如何影响生态系统的运作。根据《南亚生态系统政策分析》为南亚进行的情况分析所确定的能力方面的一个重大差距是，人们从生态系统中获得惠益的能力。由于主流市场不考虑这些利益，决策工具选择忽略生态系统服务的利益和生态系统退化的成本。人们依赖这些服务，但穷人的依赖程度比富人大得多。在这种情况下，拟议的研究将集中在两个组成部分：1。制定方法以支持政策设计; 2.建设能力和需求。第一部分将综合关于最新方法的现有信息，以支持决策进程，促进在本区域内开发这些方法，并开发“工具包”，如用于评估监管服务的工具包和决策支持系统。构成部分2将在区域内进行能力建设，具体做法是让省一级的主要利益攸关方和决策者参与传播构成部分1的研究结果，促进区域对该领域未来工作的需求，发展区域能力和提高区域研究界的认识，并为未来的合作建立网络。该项目力求在跨学科和跨部门框架内，利用利益攸关方和关键决策者的反馈，在过去和正在进行的工作基础上再接再厉。