Glider observations of productivity in the Alboran Sea (GOPITAS)

阿尔沃兰海生产力滑翔机观测 (GOPITAS)

• 批准号: NE/H012532/1
• 负责人: Jan Kaiser
• 金额: $ 8.24万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH012532%2F1
• 关键词: Glider; observations; productivity; Alboran; Sea

Marine plants contribute about half of the global net primary production and thus sustain fisheries and world food supplies. Current climate change caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is likely to affect this production through changes in temperature, ocean circulation, pH, nutrient and light availability. Understanding what drives production is therefore a key problem of marine science. Here, we propose a pilot study involving UEA's three ocean gliders, to make a significant contribution to improving this understanding by observing the physical, chemical and biological processes driving production in the Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean. In the temperate and polar oceans, winter overturning provides nutrients for surface production, but in the subtropical gyres this mechanism is too weak to overcome nutrient limitation. The gyres of the Alboran Sea behave like the subtropical gyres, but are much smaller and therefore easier to study. In such regions, smaller-scale processes are likely to contribute significantly, e.g., wind/turbulence interactions at the mesoscale (10-100 km) and submesoscale (1-10 km). Resolving these small-scale processes through traditional ship-board surveys is expensive and technically challenging. Recently developed autonomous platforms and sensors can significantly enhance traditional ship-based work. For example, a fleet of >3000 Argo floats now take regular temperature and salinity profiles of the upper 2 km of the world's oceans (www.argo.ucsd.edu) and help improve our understanding of oceanic heat budgets and circulation. Biological and chemical sensors add further dimensions to these technologies. In particular, oxygen sensors can measure net community production, i.e. the balance between oxygen-producing photosynthesis and oxygen-consuming respiration. Continuous measurements of key parameters and processes have thus become possible on a global scale. Floats can only vertically in the water column and are otherwise drifting passively. Gliders have been developed to partly overcome the limited manoeuvrability of floats. These autonomous vehicles can be interactively piloted in the vertical as well as horizontal direction and acquire depth profiles of marine physical and biogeochemical parameters with high resolution in space and time. They can 'see' where satellites cannot penetrate the surface, work for months at a time and are much cheaper than traditional oceanographic cruises. We propose the use of three gliders for simultaneous measurements of physical, chemical and biological parameters in the Alboran Sea, a small seasonally oligotrophic gyre system in the western Mediterranean Sea, adjacent to two frontal zones. Our overall goal is to establish how to best use gliders to improve our understanding of processes sustaining biological production, on all temporal and spatial scales. The GOPITAS pilot study will bring a biogeochemical component to the international REP10 Alboran Sea experiment organised by the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) involving up to 15 gliders. The Small Grant is sufficient to enable GOPITAS thanks to the generous support in kind from our project partners, including free access to the ships HMS Roebuck (UK Navy) and NRV Alliance (NATO) as well as deployment and technical support from the glider manufacturer (iRobot). This will be one of the first deployments worldwide of three biogeochemical gliders simultaneously.

海洋植物约占全球净初级生产的一半，因此维持着渔业和世界粮食供应。目前由人为温室气体排放引起的气候变化很可能通过温度、海洋环流、pH值、养分和光照有效性的变化影响这种生产。因此，了解驱动生产的因素是海洋科学的一个关键问题。在这里，我们提出了一项涉及东英吉利大学三架海洋滑翔机的试点研究，通过观察推动地中海西部Alboran海生产的物理、化学和生物过程，为提高这一认识做出重大贡献。在温带和极地海洋中，冬季翻转为地表生产提供养分，但在亚热带环流中，这种机制太弱而无法克服养分限制。Alboran海的环流与副热带环流相似，但要小得多，因此更容易研究。在这些地区，较小尺度的过程可能有显著的贡献，例如，中尺度（10-100公里）和亚中尺度（1-10公里）的风/湍流相互作用。通过传统的船上测量来解决这些小规模的过程是昂贵的，并且在技术上具有挑战性。最近开发的自主平台和传感器可以显着增强传统的船舶工作。例如，一支由bbbb3000个Argo浮标组成的船队现在可以在世界海洋上部2公里处定期采集温度和盐度剖面（www.argo.ucsd.edu），并帮助我们提高对海洋热预算和环流的理解。生物和化学传感器为这些技术增加了更多的维度。特别是，氧传感器可以测量净群落产量，即产氧光合作用和耗氧呼吸之间的平衡。因此，在全球范围内连续测量关键参数和过程成为可能。浮子只能垂直地在水柱上，否则就被动地漂流。滑翔机的发展在一定程度上克服了浮子有限的机动性。这些自动驾驶车辆可以在垂直和水平方向上进行交互驾驶，并以高分辨率获取海洋物理和生物地球化学参数的深度剖面。它们可以“看到”卫星无法穿透表面的地方，一次工作几个月，而且比传统的海洋巡航便宜得多。我们建议使用三台滑翔机同时测量Alboran海的物理、化学和生物参数，Alboran海是地中海西部一个小的季节性少营养环流系统，毗邻两个锋面区。我们的总体目标是建立如何最好地利用滑翔机来提高我们对维持生物生产过程的理解，在所有的时间和空间尺度上。GOPITAS的试点研究将为北约海底研究中心（NURC）组织的国际REP10 Alboran海实验带来生物地球化学成分，该实验涉及多达15架滑翔机。小额赠款足以使GOPITAS得益于我们的项目合作伙伴的慷慨支持，包括免费使用HMS Roebuck（英国海军）和NRV联盟（北约）以及滑翔机制造商（iRobot）的部署和技术支持。这将是全球首次同时部署三个生物地球化学滑翔机之一。

项目成果

Seaglider observations of equatorial Indian Ocean Rossby waves associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation

与马登-朱利安振荡相关的赤道印度洋罗斯贝波的海上滑翔机观测

• DOI: 10.1002/2013jc009657
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Oceans
• 作者: Webber B

Ocean processes at the Antarctic continental slope.

• DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0047
• 发表时间: 2014-07-13
• 期刊: Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
• 作者: Heywood KJ;Schmidtko S;Heuzé C;Kaiser J;Jickells TD;Queste BY;Stevens DP;Wadley M;Thompson AF;Fielding S;Guihen D;Creed E;Ridley JK;Smith W
• 通讯作者: Smith W

Corrigendum to "Technical note: Consistent calculation of aquatic gross production from oxygen triple isotope measurements" published in Biogeosciences, 8, 1793-1811, 2011

更正

• DOI: 10.5194/bg-8-2561-2011
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Biogeosciences
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Kaiser J

Ocean glider observations of iceberg-enhanced biological production in the northwestern Weddell Sea

• DOI: 10.1002/2014gl062850
• 发表时间: 2015-01-28
• 期刊: GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Biddle, Louise C.;Kaiser, Jan;Jenkins, Adrian
• 通讯作者: Jenkins, Adrian

Glider Observations of the Northwestern Iberian Margin During an Exceptional Summer Upwelling Season

在特殊的夏季上升流季节对伊比利亚西北边缘进行滑翔机观测

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015804
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Oceans
• 作者: Rollo C