Fractionation of del30Si and del7Li during supply limited chemical weathering: Towards unified models of stable isotopic responses to weathering
del30Si 和 del7Li 在供应有限的化学风化过程中的分馏:建立稳定同位素对风化反应的统一模型
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/H012656/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 4.92万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2010 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The conversion of the rock that makes up the bulk of the solid Earth into the soil that blankets the planet's surface takes place through a process called chemical weathering. This process is responsible for many characteristics of the surface environment, impacting not only rivers and soils but also the atmosphere and oceans. Weathering is particularly important in setting the pace of global chemical cycles, including the cycle of carbon, because the solid Earth actually holds vastly more carbon, in the form of carbonate like limestone, than the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere together. Because the pace of chemical weathering depends on climate, which in turn depends on atmospheric carbon concentrations, weathering is a key piece in the how the Earth system operates, and how it may be respond to human disturbance. It is often difficult to accurately measure weathering rates on today's Earth, and it is even more challenging to try to assess how these have changed over geologic time - making this a central question for today's scientists. One way of trying to get at past changes is to look at records in sediments, for example in lakes or the oceans. Looking at these records requires reliable and well-understood proxies, in other words, measurable characteristics that provide information about weathering processes in the past. This is not a new science; it has been a core part of geological research for decades, and the main outcome of previous work has been to demonstrate that it is difficult to interpret any one single proxy on its own. This realisation has stimulated efforts to develop multiple new proxies of chemical weathering, efforts that have been facilitated by technological advancements allowing improved measurement of the isotopic ratios of key elements involved in weathering reactions. Two elements of particular interest are silicon (Si) and lithium (Li). These are relevant because they are released when minerals in fresh rocks dissolve, but also partially retained in clays that are created during soil formation. During both processes, different isotopes of Si and Li are preferentially released into the waters that drain into streams and rivers. As a result, the isotopic composition of these rivers, and of sediments that may eventually form from them, potentially provides information about the relative rates of chemical reaction and physical removal of material (because this removal inhibits soil formation). This balance is referred to as the 'weathering intensity.' Several years of work, in the labs run by the partners in this study as well as other institutions internationally, have helped to begin quantitatively understanding how the Si and Li isotopic systems behave, and particularly how they respond to weathering intensity in natural settings. This provides a tantalizing glimpse of their potential. However there is a major gap in the present picture, because their behaviour at very high weathering intensities, when soils are thick in tropical environments, is not understood. The research that is proposed in this study will try to fill this gap by measuring the Si and Li isotopic composition of streams draining tropical catchments in Cameroon and Costa Rica. Working at two different sites will make it possible to compare effects on different types of rock. In addition to measuring these isotopic compositions, the proposed work will involve measurements and lab experiments designed to understand the mechanism generating these compositions, in other words, what chemical processes are responsible and how these differ from processes identified in other settings. Finally, the results of the project will be used to make a better quantitative model that may allow application of Si and Li isotopes as proxies for chemical weathering intensity.
构成固体地球大部分的岩石转化为覆盖地球表面的土壤是通过一个称为化学风化的过程发生的。这一过程造成了地表环境的许多特征,不仅影响河流和土壤,而且影响大气和海洋。风化作用在确定全球化学循环(包括碳循环)的速度方面尤为重要,因为固体地球实际上以碳酸盐(如石灰石)的形式含有的碳比大气、海洋和生物圈的总和还要多得多。由于化学风化的速度取决于气候,而气候又取决于大气中的碳浓度,因此风化是地球系统如何运作以及如何应对人类干扰的关键因素。在今天的地球上,准确测量风化率通常是困难的,而试图评估这些风化率在地质时期是如何变化的则更具挑战性-这使得这成为当今科学家的中心问题。试图了解过去变化的一种方法是查看沉积物中的记录,例如湖泊或海洋中的记录。查看这些记录需要可靠且易于理解的代理,换句话说,提供有关过去风化过程信息的可测量特征。这不是一门新科学;几十年来,它一直是地质学研究的核心部分,以前工作的主要成果是证明,很难单独解释任何一个单一的代用指标。这一认识促使人们努力开发多种新的化学风化指标,技术进步促进了这些努力,从而改善了对风化反应中所涉及的关键元素的同位素比率的测量。特别感兴趣的两种元素是硅(Si)和锂(Li)。这些是相关的,因为它们在新鲜岩石中的矿物质溶解时释放出来,但也部分保留在土壤形成过程中产生的粘土中。在这两个过程中,Si和Li的不同同位素优先释放到排入溪流和河流的沃茨中。因此,这些河流的同位素组成,以及最终可能形成的沉积物的同位素组成,可能提供有关化学反应和物质物理去除的相对速率的信息(因为这种去除抑制了土壤的形成)。这种平衡被称为“风化强度”。“在这项研究的合作伙伴以及国际上其他机构运行的实验室中,几年的工作有助于开始定量了解Si和Li同位素系统的行为,特别是它们如何对自然环境中的风化强度做出反应。这让我们对它们的潜力有了一个诱人的一瞥。然而,目前的情况有一个重大的差距,因为它们在非常高的风化强度下的行为,当热带环境中的土壤很厚时,还不清楚。这项研究中提出的研究将试图通过测量喀麦隆和哥斯达黎加热带集水区溪流的硅和锂同位素组成来填补这一空白。在两个不同的地点工作,将有可能比较对不同类型的岩石的影响。除了测量这些同位素组成外,拟议的工作还将涉及旨在了解产生这些组成的机制的测量和实验室实验,换句话说,是什么化学过程负责以及这些过程与其他环境中确定的过程有何不同。最后,该项目的结果将被用来建立一个更好的定量模型,可以允许应用硅和锂同位素作为化学风化强度的替代品。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Ge and Si Isotope Behavior During Intense Tropical Weathering and Ecosystem Cycling
- DOI:10.1029/2019gb006522
- 发表时间:2020-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:J Jotautas Baronas;A. West;K. Burton;D. Hammond;S. Opfergelt;P. V. Strandmann;R. James;O. Rouxel
- 通讯作者:J Jotautas Baronas;A. West;K. Burton;D. Hammond;S. Opfergelt;P. V. Strandmann;R. James;O. Rouxel
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Kevin Burton其他文献
Net progress
净进度
- DOI:
10.1038/35274 - 发表时间:
1998-02-05 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Kevin Burton;Daniel L. Farkas - 通讯作者:
Daniel L. Farkas
橋梁断面周りの気流に基づいた橋梁主桁への付着塩分量の数値計算
基于桥梁断面周围气流的主梁盐分附着量数值计算
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2017 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
鈴木 勝彦;Adam D. Sproson;David Selby;Kevin Burton;L. Yujia and K. Hayashi;野口恭平,白土博通,八木知己 - 通讯作者:
野口恭平,白土博通,八木知己
海藻のOs同位体比を利用した海水における人為起源および地質学的起源インパクトの検出
使用海藻的 Os 同位素比率检测海水中的人为和地质影响
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2015 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
鈴木 勝彦;Adam D. Sproson;David Selby;Kevin Burton - 通讯作者:
Kevin Burton
Human cardiosphere-derived adult stem cells originate within the heart
- DOI:
10.1016/j.hlc.2009.05.619 - 发表时间:
2009-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Anthony J. White;Satoshi Matsushita;Lawrence S. Czer;Tarun Chakravarty;Kevin Burton;Ernst R. Schwarz;Darryl R. Davis;Jason Lee;Qi Wang;Nancy L. Reinsmoen;James S. Forrester;Eduardo Marbán;Raj Makkar - 通讯作者:
Raj Makkar
Kevin Burton的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Kevin Burton', 18)}}的其他基金
Quantifying the chemistry of sulfide in the core and its influence on the composition of the silicate Earth
量化地核中硫化物的化学性质及其对硅酸盐地球成分的影响
- 批准号:
NE/N003926/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 4.92万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Stable Vanadium Isotopes in the Igneous Rocks of the Shatsky Rise: IODP Expedition 324
沙茨基隆起火成岩中的稳定钒同位素:IODP 探险 324
- 批准号:
NE/H010319/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 4.92万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Quantifying the Strontium Budget of the Oceans, past and present, using coupled Radiogenic and Stable Strontium Isotopes
使用耦合放射源和稳定锶同位素量化过去和现在海洋的锶收支
- 批准号:
NE/F018126/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 4.92万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant