EMBRYONIC SALIVARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT IN DROSOPHILA

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：拟定的研究是 申请人对遗传机制的广泛兴趣的一部分， 在胚胎发育过程中建立不同的组织和器官，包括 定义一个器官的初始指令和随后的细胞-细胞 信号，基因表达的变化，以及细胞运动， 分化的器官，并保持其身份。 申请人的研究 果蝇胚胎中唾液腺的发育导致了 唾液管原基中细胞的初步测定。 唾液 基因表达被同源异型基因激活，性梳减少， 唾液腺和唾液腺导管原基是相互区别的 EGF受体信号通路的相反活动和 转录因子叉头。 在他们的决定之后不久， 前腺和前导管细胞内陷，并在3小时内开始发挥功能 唾液腺和导管。 这项建议的重点是遗传控制， 这两种组织的内陷 多个调节基因似乎 相互作用产生明显不同的前腺和产物 内陷 申请人计划研究三个基因的作用， 基因对，叉头，Notch/Delta和X31，参与了 前腺细胞的内陷和一个基因，eyegone， 前导管细胞的内陷。 因为X31的功能 也没有eyegone先前已确定，因为这两个基因出现， 不仅对唾液的发育， 胚胎中的决定性或形态发生事件， 其他早期胚胎内陷或视神经特化 还将研究原基。 唾液和非唾液研究是 相互促进，并导致更快，更深的发展。 了解这些基因的功能。 具体目标有四个 这些实验：（i）确定叉头在唾液中的作用 腺内陷;（ii）确定Notch-Delta信号传导是否是 重要的唾液腺内陷;（iii）分离X31突变 用它们来确定这个新发现的基因是否是 一系列的胚胎内陷;和（四）建立的作用， eyegone基因在涎腺导管和眼发育中的作用。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from investigator's Abstract): The proposed study is part of the applicant's broad interest in the genetic mechanisms that establish distinct tissues and organs during embryogenesis, including both the initial instructions that define an organ and the subsequent cell-cell signaling, changes in gene expression, and cellular movements that build the differentiated organ and maintain its identity. The applicant's study of salivary gland development in Drosophila embryos has led to a model for the initial determination of cells in the salivary duct primordia. Salivary gene expression is activated by the homeotic gene Sex combs reduced, and the salivary gland and salivary duct primordia are distinguished from each other by the opposing activities of the EGF receptor signaling pathway and the transcription factor fork head. Shortly after their determination, both the pregland and preduct cells invaginate and within 3 hours become functional salivary glands and ducts. This proposal focuses on the genetic control of the invaginations in these two tissues. Multiple regulatory genes appear to interact to produce the distinctly different pregland and preduct invaginations. The applicant plans to examine the roles of three genes or gene pairs, fork head, Notch/Delta, and X31, that are involved in invagination of the pregland cells and one gene, eyegone, that is required for invagination of the preduct cells. Because the functions of neither X31 nor eyegone have been previously determined, and because both genes appear to be important, not only for salivary development but also for other determinative or morphogenetic events in the embryo, their involvement in other early embryonic invaginations or in specification of the optic primordia will also be studied. The salivary and nonsalivary studies are expected to reinforce each other and lead to a more rapid and deeper understanding of the function of these genes. There are four specific aims for these experiments: (i) to establish the role of fork head in salivary gland invagination; (ii) to determine whether Notch-Delta signaling is important for salivary gland invagination; (iii) to isolate X31 mutations and use them to establish whether this newly identified gene is required for a series of embryonic invaginations; and (iv) to establish the role of the eyegone gene in both salivary duct and eye development.