WELFARE REFORM AND YOUNG ADULT OUTCOMES

福利改革和年轻人的成果

• 批准号: 6181800
• 负责人: LINGXIN HAO
• 金额: $ 11.53万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-27 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6181800
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; education; employment /unemployment; human subject; outcomes research; pregnancy; social service; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): The welfare reform legislation of 1996, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) is transforming the welfare system from an income-dispensing program to an employment program. Under the new law, states have been given wide latitude in designing and implementing state welfare policies and have responded differently in work discipline and maternalism. This proposed research examines the consequences of welfare reform, both in terms of state variation and in terms of the overall structural shift of welfare policy under the law, for adolescents and young adults. The first phase (years 1-3) of the proposed research focuses on a cohort of youth who enter adolescence after PRWORA. The investigators will examine the effects of state variation under PRWORA on adolescent and young adult outcomes in (1) high school completion, (2) formal employment, (3) first out-of-wedlock childbearing, and (4) first welfare participation. Controlling for family, peer and local economy effects, we test the effects of work discipline and maternalism of bundled state policies. Data from the NLSY97, a nationally representative sample, will be matched with the state policy data from the public-use database from Assessing the New Federalism of the Urban Institute. Event history analysis of multiple events and reciprocal causation will be performed. Multi-level analysis will be used to yield more precise estimates of the state-level policy effects. The second phase (years 4-5) focuses on a comparison between the NLSY97 and an earlier cohort, NLSY Young Adults who were children of the NLSY79 women respondents. The investigators will examine the effects of the overall structural shift of welfare policy by comparing the outcomes of two cohorts experiencing transition to adulthood before and after the welfare structural shift. Using the most recent development in the literature on selection bias in non-randomized data, they propose a design to make the two cohorts comparable and a method to obtain unbiased estimates of the overall welfare reform effects.

描述(改编自申请者摘要)：福利改革 1996年立法、个人责任和工作机会 《和解法案》(PRWORA)正在将福利制度从 将收入分配方案转变为就业方案。根据新法律，各州 在设计和实施国家福利方面得到了广泛的自由 政策，并在工作纪律和母性观念方面做出了不同的反应。 这项拟议的研究考察了福利改革的后果，包括 关于国家变化的术语和关于总体结构转变的术语 法律规定的青少年和青壮年福利政策。 拟议研究的第一阶段(第1-3年)侧重于一组 PRORA之后进入青春期的年轻人。调查人员将检查 PRORA下状态变化对青春期和青壮年结局的影响 在(1)高中毕业，(2)正式就业，(3)首次未婚 生育，以及(4)第一福利参与。对家庭、同伴的控制 和地方经济效应，我们检验了工作纪律和 捆绑国家政策的母权主义。数据来自NLSY97，一个全国性的 具有代表性的样本，将与来自 公共使用数据库，来自评估城市研究所的新联邦主义。 将对多个事件和相互因果关系进行事件历史分析 已执行。将使用多层次分析来产生更准确的估计 国家层面的政策效应。 第二阶段(4-5年级)重点比较NLSY97和AN 早期队列，NLSY青壮年是NLSY79名妇女的孩子 受访者。调查人员将检查总体影响 通过比较两个队列的结果来实现福利政策的结构性转变 在福利结构前后经历向成年的过渡 换档。使用文献中关于选择偏差的最新发展 非随机化数据，他们提出了一种设计，使两个队列具有可比性 以及一种获得对整体福利改革的公正估计的方法 效果。