REPLICATING A PEER INTERVENTION IN A MULTI-CULTURAL CITY

描述（改编自申请人的描述）性传播疾病和 青少年怀孕以及与之相关的高昂个人和社会成本 青少年怀孕、性传播疾病和艾滋病毒，表明减少性行为的干预措施 迫切需要采取危险行为。 校本考试是否成功 干预措施表明提供信息是不够的，而且 干预措施需要根据文化进行调整并扎根。 这个应用程序， 响应 RFA HD-98-015 提交，建议复制一个社区- 以自然发生的友谊网络为目标的艾滋病毒干预措施， 斯坦顿等人“关注儿童”（FoK）。 （1996）证明是 在针对低收入非裔美国青年的随机试验中有效 马里兰州巴尔的摩 研究人员将针对不同的情况定制干预措施， 多元文化人群，在一项随机对照实验中。 他们会 将 FoK 干预与两种替代条件进行比较；解开 干预内容和实施方式的混杂效应：对照 与斯坦顿相似的群体；和一个替代对照组，提供 对不与朋友一起参加的青少年进行同样的干预，以允许 研究者确定观察到的任何干预效果是否是由于 友谊的影响或干预的内容。 他们会 还评估一系列信念、规范和意图，以便了解 干预如何实现行为改变的目标。 具体来说，研究人员的目标是：（1）以不同的方式进行复制 种族更加多元化、社区、“关注儿童”、干预； (2) 至 判断干预效果是否是由于干预造成的 内容、对友谊网络中的参与者进行分组，或两者兼而有之； (3) 评估干预措施效果的中介因素 保护动机理论（PMT）和理性行动理论（TRA）； (4) 检查干预效果在 12 个月的随访期间的维持情况—— 上升期； (5) 让个人、机构和其他团体参与 干预及其实施的目标社区，并建立 如果干预措施有效，将能够向 随访期结束时对照组的年轻人。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Description) High rates of STDs and pregnancies among teens, and high personal and societal costs associated with teen pregnancy, STDs, and HIV, demonstrate that interventions to reduce sexual risk behavior are urgently needed. Examination of the success of school-based interventions suggests that providing information is not enough, and that interventions need to be culturally tailored and grounded. This application, submitted in response to RFA HD-98-015, proposes to replicate a community- based HIV intervention that targets naturally- occurring friendship networks, "Focus on Kids" (FoK), that Stanton et al. (1996) demonstrated to be efficacious in randomized trials with low income, African-American youth in Baltimore, MD. The investigators will tailor the intervention to a different, multicultural population, in a randomized, controlled experiment. They will compare the FoK intervention to two alternative conditions; to disentangle confounded effects of intervention content and mode of delivery: a control group similar to Stanton's; and an alternative control group that delivers the same intervention to youth who are not attending with friends, to allow the investigator to determine whether any intervention effect observed is due to the effect of friendships or to the content of the intervention. They will also assess a range of beliefs, norms and intentions, in order to understand how the intervention achieves the goal of behavior change. Specifically, the investigators aim: (1) to replicate, in a different and more ethnically diverse, community, the "Focus on Kids", intervention; (2) to determine whether the intervention effects are due to the intervention content, to grouping participants within friendship networks, or to both; (3) to evaluate mediators of the effects of the intervention suggested by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA); (4) to examine the maintenance of intervention effects over a 12-month follow- up period; and (5) to involve individuals, agencies, and other groups in the target community in the intervention and its implementation, and to build resources that will enable the intervention, if effective, to be delivered to young people in the control groups at the end of the follow-up period.