Heterosexual Men's Perspectives on Sexual Behavior and Sexual Risk Taking

描述（由申请人提供）：性别对性行为的影响的研究往往集中在女性身上，导致对性别的男性方面的了解相对缺乏，以及男性对其性行为的看法的发展和内容，促使NICHD发布PA-05-033，男性异性恋行为和HIV感染。除了缺乏对男性视角的研究外，艾滋病毒预防研究还采用了有限的理论模型，这些模型主要关注作为决策和行为预测因素的认知因素。在拟议的项目中，我们将开发和测试异性恋活跃的年轻男性性冒险行为的扩展模型，解释机制和结果。从性脚本的角度来看，我们将把心理、人际和文化层面纳入到这个新模型中，这将扩展在艾滋病研究的前二十年中主导性风险行为研究的社会认知模型。我们将研究性别角色规范和意识形态，并行的伙伴关系，性暴力的实施和受害，以及情绪唤醒。该项目将有助于了解年轻成年男子对性行为和性冒险行为的看法，并有助于发展将文化、情感和人际因素作为性行为预测因素的理论。研究将分三个阶段进行：最初的访谈将引出年轻男性的性脚本，并检查他们与性风险和保护性行为的关系。然后，这些访谈数据将用于描述这些故事中嵌入的性脚本，并创建脚本概要，以识别与性风险相关的理论或经验兴趣的脚本元素。在第二阶段，我们将使用这些脚本元素来开发尺度，以改进将在第三阶段对更大的男性样本进行管理的调查。第三阶段的目标是调查500名男性的样本，以评估这些脚本在假设的预测变量和艾滋病毒风险/保护因素之间发挥中介作用的程度。足够数量的非裔美国人、亚裔美国人和白人男性将被纳入这些种族群体的分析和比较。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research on the influence of gender on sexual behavior has tended to focus on women, leading to a relative lack of knowledge of the male side of gender, and the development and content of men's perspectives on their sexual behavior, prompting NICHD to issue PA-05-033, Men's Heterosexual Behavior and HIV Infection. In addition to the paucity of research on men's perspectives, HIV-prevention research has employed limited theoretical models that focus primarily on cognitive factors as predictors of decision-making and behavior. In the proposed project, we will develop and test an expanded model of heterosexually active young men's sexual risk taking behavior, explicating mechanisms as well as outcomes. Using a sexual scripts perspective, we will incorporate intrapsychic, interpersonal and cultural levels into this new model, which will expand on the social cognitive models that have dominated sexual risk behavior research in the first two decades of HIV research. We will examine gender role norms and ideologies, concurrent partnerships, sexual violence perpetration and victimization, and emotional arousal. The project will contribute both to empirical knowledge of young adult men's perspectives on sexual behavior and sexual risk- taking, and to development of theory that incorporates cultural, emotional, and interpersonal factors as predictors of sexual behavior. The research will proceed in three phases: Initial interviews will elicit young men's sexual scripts and examine their relationship to sexual risk and protective behaviors. These interview data will then be used to describe the sexual scripts embedded in these stories, and to create synopses of the scripts to identify script elements that are of theoretical or empirical interest in relationship to sexual risk. In the second phase, we will use these script elements to develop scales to refine a survey that will be administered to a larger sample of men in the third phase. The goal of the third phase is to survey a sample of 500 men to assess the degree to which these scripts act as mediators between hypothesized predictor variables and HIV risk/protective factors. Sufficient numbers of African-American, Asian-American, and white men will be included for analyses and comparison of these ethnic groups. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The lack of knowledge of the male side of gender, and the development and content of men's perspectives on their sexual behavior limits our ability to design effective HIV- and STI-prevention interventions. This project will extend our understanding of heterosexual men's behavior and provide a base on which to develop new theories and interventions.