C2C CLOUD TO COAST: Integrated assessment of environmental exposure, health impacts and risk perceptions of faecal organisms in coastal waters

C2C 云到海岸：对沿海水域粪便生物的环境暴露、健康影响和风险认知的综合评估

• 批准号: NE/I008306/1
• 负责人: David Lerner
• 金额: $ 224.56万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI008306%2F1
• 关键词: C2C; CLOUD; COAST; Integrated; assessment

Health impacts from pathogens indexed by faecal indicator organisms (FIOs) arise from water contact and food consumption derived from catchments, rivers, estuaries and coastal waters. However, the risks associated with these exposures are often highly episodic and determined by rates of pathogen shedding, tides, weather and seasons, all of which are impacted by changing climate, and particularly when storminess is included. Point sources include sewage effluents, intermittent discharges from combined sewer overflows, agricultural point sources such as manure stores, and diffuse sources. Faecal loads are attenuated during the soil - fresh water (including groundwater and/or river water) - estuarine - coastal pathway. Better predictions of the fate and transport of these pollutants along their pathways from sources to receptors would inform several health, policy and operational issues, including: - Whether to manage health risks by restricting access to receiving waters or by management of potential sources of pollutants; - When to declare coastal waters closed, and when to reopen them, trading off the health risks against the economic and social impacts; - What further sewage/intermittent discharge treatment to deploy, which involves trading off the financial and carbon costs against the infrequent health improvements; - What agricultural management options to impose, trading off the financial and food security impacts against the potential health improvements? - How better to optimise health and risk-management processes based on scientific evidence vis-a-vis public perception. The proposed research seeks to develop a new integrated model to predict the exposure to and the health impact assessment of pathogen risks, as indexed by FIOs, in near-shore coastal waters. The approach will be to build and validate a FIO fate and transport model which incorporates rainfall and catchment sources to coastal receiving waters, to use this model together with enhanced disease burden modelling and quantitative microbial risk assessment procedures to produce a dynamic quantitative health impact assessment. The overall model will then be used to analyse policy options for range of future scenarios, including climate change (in terms of changes in rainfall), and to relate the outcomes to actual and perceived health risks. The outputs of the research will inform identified policy gaps and afford improved decision making to minimise health risk from FIO.

以粪便指示生物（fio）为索引的病原体对健康的影响来自与水的接触和来自集水区、河流、河口和沿海水域的食物消费。然而，与这些接触有关的风险往往是高度偶然性的，由病原体脱落率、潮汐、天气和季节决定，所有这些都受到气候变化的影响，特别是在包括风暴的情况下。点源包括污水、联合下水道溢流的间歇性排放、农业点源（如粪肥储存）和扩散源。在土壤-淡水（包括地下水和/或河水）-河口-海岸通道期间，粪便负荷减少。更好地预测这些污染物的命运和沿着其从源头到受体的路径的运输将为若干健康、政策和业务问题提供信息，包括：-是否通过限制获取接收水或通过管理潜在的污染物来源来管理健康风险；-何时宣布关闭沿海水域，何时重新开放沿海水域，在健康风险与经济和社会影响之间进行权衡；-需要进一步部署哪些污水/间歇性排放处理，其中涉及在财政和碳成本与不经常的健康改善之间进行权衡；-在财政和粮食安全影响与潜在的健康改善之间进行权衡，实施何种农业管理方案？-如何更好地优化基于科学证据的健康和风险管理过程，而不是公众的看法。拟议的研究旨在开发一种新的综合模型，以fio为指数预测近岸沿海水域中病原体风险的暴露和健康影响评估。方法将是建立和验证FIO命运和运输模型，该模型将降雨和集水源纳入沿海接收水域，并将该模型与增强的疾病负担建模和定量微生物风险评估程序一起使用，以产生动态定量健康影响评估。然后，整个模型将用于分析一系列未来情景的政策选择，包括气候变化（就降雨变化而言），并将结果与实际和感知的健康风险联系起来。该研究的产出将为已查明的政策差距提供信息，并改进决策，以尽量减少外来感染对健康的风险。

项目成果

Integrated water quality modelling: Application to the Ribble Basin, U.K.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jher.2014.07.002
• 发表时间: 2015-06
• 期刊: Journal of Hydro-environment Research
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: B. Boye;R. Falconer;K. Akande

Evaluation of E.coli losses in a tidal river network using a refined 1-D numerical model

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.07.009
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Environ. Model. Softw.
• 作者: Guoxian Huang;R. Falconer;B. Lin

Integrated Modelling of Faecal Indicator Organisms (FIOs) for Prediction of Bathing Water Quality

用于预测沐浴水质的粪便指示生物 (FIO) 集成建模

• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: 10th International Urban Drainage Modelling (UDM) conference
• 作者: Shepherd

Integrated River and Coastal Flow, Sediment and Escherichia coli Modelling for Bathing Water Quality

针对沐浴水质的河流和沿海流量、沉积物和大肠杆菌综合建模

• DOI: 10.3390/w7094752
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Water
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Huang G

Do faecal indicator organisms exhibit a first foul flush in combined sewers?

粪便指示生物是否在合流下水道中表现出第一次污浊冲刷？

• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Sewer Processes and Networks
• 作者: Shepherd