PREVENTING HIV/AIDS IN TEEN MOTHERS AND THEIR PARTNERS

预防青少年母亲及其伴侣感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病

• 批准号: 6146833
• 负责人: Deborah Koniak-Griffin
• 金额: $ 70.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6146833
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; African American; Hispanic Americans; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; human subject; parents; sex behavior; sex partner

Adolescent mothers are at risk for acquiring HIV/AIDS through heterosexual sex. Their intimate partners are often teen fathers who engage in multiple HIV risk behaviors, including sexual behaviors, illicit drug use, and needle-sharing for body- piercing and tattoos. Many have a history of gang involvement and incarceration. Being in a monogamous relationship and fear of negative partner attitudes have been identified as important barriers to condom use for adolescent mothers. Yet, preliminary studies indicate that 1) young fathers do not perceive sexual activity outside their main relationship to conflict with their monogamous status; and 2) a 50 percent break-up rate within 12 months is reported for parenting adolescent couples. Despite teens' misperceptions about relationship stability, current romantic connections may provide the key to building skills needed to maintain safer sex with current and future partners. The exclusion of male partners from scientifically evaluated HIV prevention programs represents a serious research gap. This experimental study will evaluate the impact of a program attended by parenting adolescent couples on their safer sex practices. The sample of 286 couples will be composed of high-risk, predominantly Latino youth. Recruited from alternative schools in Los Angeles County, couples will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition. The experimental condition consists of a 12-hour HIV prevention program presented in 6 sessions. The curriculum, based on the CDC model "Be Proud! Be Responsible!" is adapted and expanded for the targeted population by using feelings of maternal protectiveness and paternal responsibility to promote safer sexual behaviors. Activities include small group discussions in combined and gender-separated groups, interactive games, skill-building exercises (conflict and sexual negotiation, condom use), and a presentation by an HIV- positive mother. Cultural issues related to gender and power are addressed throughout. The control condition is a 1-hour AIDS education session (videotape followed by a short discussion period). The programs will be offered in community-based settings (e.g., recreational facilities and libraries). Participants will be evaluated on primary outcomes (sexual risk behaviors) and intermediate outcomes (social cognitive factors related to HIV prevention) through individual interviews at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 3-, 6-, and 12- month follow-up. It is hypothesized that by addressing issues of gender and power while providing social-cognitive skill-building learning experiences within the context of a romantic relationship, sexual risk-taking will be reduced in adolescent mothers and fathers.

青少年母亲通过异性性行为感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险很大。他们的亲密伴侣通常是十几岁的父亲，他们从事多种艾滋病毒危险行为，包括性行为、非法吸毒，以及共用针头穿孔和纹身。许多人都有帮派参与和监禁的历史。处于一夫一妻制的关系和对消极伴侣态度的恐惧被认为是青少年母亲使用避孕套的重要障碍。然而，初步研究表明，1)年轻父亲并不认为他们的主要关系之外的性行为与他们的一夫一妻制状态相冲突；2)据报道，养育青少年夫妇的12个月内分手率为50%。尽管青少年对关系的稳定性有误解，但目前的浪漫关系可能会为培养与当前和未来伴侣保持安全性行为所需的技能提供关键。男性伴侣被排除在经过科学评估的艾滋病毒预防计划之外，这是一个严重的研究差距。这项实验研究将评估一项由青少年夫妇参与的计划对他们安全的性行为实践的影响。286对夫妇的样本将由高危人群组成，主要是拉美裔年轻人。从洛杉矶县的替代学校招募的夫妇将被随机分配到实验或对照条件下。实验条件包括一个12小时的HIV预防计划，分6个阶段进行。该课程以疾控中心的模式为基础：“骄傲！负责！”通过利用母亲的保护感和父亲的责任感来促进更安全的性行为，对目标人群进行调整和扩大。活动包括联合小组和不同性别小组的小组讨论、互动游戏、技能培养练习(冲突和性谈判、使用避孕套)，以及艾滋病毒阳性母亲的介绍。与性别和权力有关的文化问题贯穿始终。控制条件是1小时的艾滋病教育课程(录像带之后是一个简短的讨论阶段)。这些方案将在基于社区的环境中提供(例如，娱乐设施和图书馆)。参与者将在基线、干预后立即以及3个月、6个月和12个月的随访中通过个人访谈评估主要结果(性危险行为)和中间结果(与艾滋病毒预防相关的社会认知因素)。假设通过解决性别和权力问题，同时在恋爱关系中提供社会认知技能培养的学习经验，青少年母亲和父亲的性风险将会减少。