Assessing the global and local impacts on ecosystem services of energy provision in the UK

评估英国能源供应对生态系统服务的全球和当地影响

• 批准号: NE/J005851/1
• 负责人: Melanie Austen
• 金额: $ 19.11万
• 依托单位: Plymouth Marine Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Third Party Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ005851%2F1
• 关键词: Assessing; global; local; impacts; ecosystem

Energy provision in the UK impacts upon ecosystems locally, elsewhere in the UK and elsewhere in the world. For example, impacts of a coal-fired power-station may occur locally where the power station is sited, but also where the coal is mined (often outside the UK); nuclear power may have local terrestrial and marine impacts around the power station, but also has impacts from uranium mining and long term storage of spent fuel and contaminated items elsewhere; bioenergy has local impacts where grown, but may also displace other land uses, which may cause compensatory land use change elsewhere in the UK or elsewhere in the world: wind power may have both local and distant impacts around the land-based or offshore turbine field, and also has impacts associated with embedded products in the turbines and related infrastructure. The purpose of this project is to assess the local and global impacts on Ecosystem Services (ESs) from energy provision in the UK. We will use four energy technologies to develop a consistent methodology which could then be applied to other technologies. We will take a full life cycle approach to assess local and global ES impacts of coal, nuclear, wind (land-based and offshore - including Round 3 wind energy arrays) and bioenergy power in the UK. Global ES impacts occur when feedstocks and infrastructure are sourced from abroad and but also when the environmental impacts cover a wide geographic area e.g. fisheries, C storage, emission plumes. The tasks are interlinked. The project will be conducted in four WPs, largely relating to the objectives described above: WP1 identifies the location of where the impacts occur. WP2 identifies the impacts on ecosystem services in these locations as described in detail below. WP3 applies the methodologies and provides a synthesis of current impacts comparing across the technologies. WP4 extends the analysis to assess ES impacts for projections of potential UK future energy pathways (from UKERC 2050 and MARKAL).

英国的能源供应对当地、英国其他地方和世界其他地方的生态系统产生影响。例如，燃煤发电站的影响可能发生在发电站所在地的当地，但也可能发生在煤炭开采地（通常在英国境外）；核电可能会对电站周围的当地陆地和海洋产生影响，而且还会对其他地方的铀矿开采以及乏燃料和受污染物品的长期储存产生影响；生物能源对种植的地方有影响，但也可能取代其他土地利用，这可能会导致英国其他地方或世界其他地方的补偿性土地利用变化：风力发电可能会对陆基或海上涡轮机领域周围的本地和远处产生影响，并且还会对涡轮机和相关基础设施中的嵌入式产品产生影响。该项目的目的是评估英国能源供应对当地和全球生态系统服务 (ES) 的影响。我们将使用四种能源技术来开发一致的方法，然后将其应用于其他技术。我们将采用全生命周期方法来评估英国煤炭、核能、风能（陆上和海上风能 - 包括第三轮风能阵列）和生物能源发电对当地和全球 ES 的影响。当原料和基础设施来自国外时，以及当环境影响覆盖广泛的地理区域（例如，美国）时，就会发生全球环境问题影响。渔业、碳储存、羽流排放。这些任务是相互关联的。该项目将分四个工作组进行，主要涉及上述目标： 工作组 1 确定影响发生的位置。 WP2 确定了对这些地点生态系统服务的影响，详情如下。 WP3 应用这些方法并提供了对各种技术的当前影响进行比较的综合。 WP4 扩展了分析，以评估 ES 对英国未来潜在能源路径预测的影响（来自 UKERC 2050 和 MARKAL）。