Co-ordinated Airborne Studies in the Tropics (CAST)

热带地区协调机载研究 (CAST)

• 批准号: NE/J00619X/1
• 负责人: Lucy Carpenter
• 金额: $ 54.86万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ00619X%2F1
• 关键词: Co; ordinated; Airborne; Studies; Tropics

The unique research capability of the Global Hawk, with ultra-long flights possible in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, provides a major new opportunity to advance atmospheric science. In response to the NERC/STFC/NASA collaborative initiative, we have assembled an experienced UK team that proposes to execute a research programme covering fundamental science and technology development, which, by working with the Global Hawk, will radically enhance our future research capabilities.The Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) is a crucial region for chemistry/climate interactions. Building on work we have already done in this area, we will collaborate with NASA's ATTREX programme to study the TTL over the Pacific Ocean and South East Asia, with new measurements and analysis. We will address fundamental questions related to atmospheric composition, radiation and transport. The TTL controls the transport of water vapour, the crucial radiative gas, into the stratosphere; we will advance understanding of the role of sub-visible cirrus in water vapour processes. The TTL is also the main route by which very short-lived halogen species, which represent a large uncertainty in future stratospheric ozone evolution, enter the stratosphere. We will improve knowledge of the budgets of these gases and of their chemical transformation and transport through the TTL, including the role of convective transport into the TTL and the subsequent routes for transport from the TTL to the lower stratosphere. Improving representation of these processes in global chemistry/climate models is a key aim.In order to study these processes, The FAAM BAe-146 will be deployed in Guam in Jan/Feb 2014. It will fly coordinated flights with the Global Hawk which will making measurements in the same period in the TTL over the West Pacific. Detailed involvement in all phases of the collaborative missions with ATTREX will enhance the UK potential for future research using the Global Hawk, including advanced capability in mission planning and methodologies for complex, real-time data analysis. The aircraft measurements will be interpreted in conjunction with ground-based and balloon-based measurements of very short-lived halogen species and ozone, using a complementary group of regional high resolution models, global composition models and a global cirrus model.We will develop and test two new instruments and new software for the payload/mission-scientist interface, which are ideally suited for the capabilities of the Global Hawk. One new instrument will allow quantification in the TTL of the important physical properties of sub- and super-micron sized particles, allowing new information about clouds and radiation. We will develop a new short-wave IR spectrometer to measure greenhouse (CO2, CH4, and H2O) and other (CO) gases in the lower atmosphere by remote sensing, taking advantage of the very long flights in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Both instruments will be flight-tested in CAST.

全球鹰的独特研究能力，以及在对流层上部和平流层下部的超长飞行，为推进大气科学提供了一个重要的新机会。为了响应NERC/STFC/NASA的合作倡议，我们已经组建了一个经验丰富的英国团队，该团队建议执行一项涵盖基础科学和技术发展的研究计划，通过与全球鹰合作，将从根本上提高我们未来的研究能力。热带对流层顶（TTL）是化学/气候相互作用的关键区域。在我们已经在这一领域所做工作的基础上，我们将与美国宇航局的ATTREX计划合作，通过新的测量和分析来研究太平洋和东南亚上空的TTL。我们将讨论与大气成分、辐射和运输有关的基本问题。TTL控制水蒸气的传输，关键的辐射气体，进入平流层;我们将推进对水蒸气过程中亚可见卷云作用的理解。TTL也是寿命很短的卤素物种进入平流层的主要途径，这些卤素物种在未来平流层臭氧演变中具有很大的不确定性。我们将提高对这些气体的预算及其化学转化和通过TTL的运输的知识，包括对流运输到TTL的作用和随后从TTL到平流层下部的运输路线。为了研究这些过程，FAAM BAe-146将于2014年1月/2月在关岛部署。它将与全球鹰协调飞行，全球鹰将在同一时期在西太平洋上空的TTL进行测量。详细参与与ATTREX合作任务的所有阶段将提高英国未来使用全球鹰进行研究的潜力，包括使命规划和复杂实时数据分析方法的先进能力。飞机的测量结果将与地面和气球上对寿命很短的卤素物质和臭氧的测量结果一起加以解释，使用一组互补的区域高分辨率模型、全球成分模型和全球卷云模型，我们将为有效载荷/任务科学家接口开发和测试两种新仪器和新软件，它们非常适合全球鹰的能力。一种新的仪器将允许在TTL中量化亚微米和超微米尺寸粒子的重要物理特性，从而提供有关云和辐射的新信息。我们将开发一种新的短波红外光谱仪，利用对流层上部和平流层下部的长距离飞行，通过遥感测量低层大气中的温室气体（CO2、CH 4和H2O）和其他气体（CO）。这两种仪器都将在CAST进行飞行测试。

项目成果

Importance of reactive halogens in the tropical marine atmosphere: A regional modelling study using WRF-Chem

热带海洋大气中活性卤素的重要性：使用 WRF-Chem 进行的区域模拟研究

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-2017-903
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Badia A

A nocturnal atmospheric loss of CH2I2 in the remote marine boundary layer

远海边界层 CH2I2 夜间大气损失

• DOI: 10.1007/s10874-015-9320-6
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Carpenter L

A comparison of very short-lived halocarbon (VSLS) and DMS aircraft measurements in the Tropical West Pacific from CAST, ATTREX and CONTRAST

通过 CAST、ATTREX 和 CONTRAST 对热带西太平洋极短命卤化碳 (VSLS) 和 DMS 飞机测量进行比较

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-2016-94
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Andrews S

A pervasive role for biomass burning in tropical high ozone/low water structures.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10267
• 发表时间: 2016-01-13
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Anderson DC;Nicely JM;Salawitch RJ;Canty TP;Dickerson RR;Hanisco TF;Wolfe GM;Apel EC;Atlas E;Bannan T;Bauguitte S;Blake NJ;Bresch JF;Campos TL;Carpenter LJ;Cohen MD;Evans M;Fernandez RP;Kahn BH;Kinnison DE;Hall SR;Harris NR;Hornbrook RS;Lamarque JF;Le Breton M;Lee JD;Percival C;Pfister L;Pierce RB;Riemer DD;Saiz-Lopez A;Stunder BJ;Thompson AM;Ullmann K;Vaughan A;Weinheimer AJ
• 通讯作者: Weinheimer AJ

Surface fluxes of bromoform and dibromomethane over the tropical western Pacific inferred from airborne in situ measurements

根据机载原位测量推断热带西太平洋上空三溴甲烷和二溴甲烷的表面通量

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-14787-2018
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Feng L