DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ORIENTATION DISCRIMINATION

方向辨别的动态特性

• 批准号: 6315513
• 负责人: NESTOR MATTHEWS
• 金额: $ 3.57万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-10-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6315513
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; clinical research; computer simulation; discrimination learning; human subject; neural information processing; orientation; psychological models; psychophysiology; sensory discrimination; space perception; time perception; visual cortex; visual perception; visual stimulus

The overall objective of this research proposal is to provide a more comprehensive understanding of fine orientation discrimination--the ability to reliably distinguish subtle angular differences. Two specific aims are proposed to accomplish this objective. The first aim entails developing a physiologically plausible computational model for orientation discrimination and orientation learning. The model posits a single neural principle, namely, the reduction in neural firing, as the cause of both long-term orientation learning and short- term tilt aftereffects--two seemingly unrelated perceptual phenomena. The model's prediction that tilt aftereffects should be significantly stronger after orientation learning will be psychophysically tested. The second aim is to establish whether a single neural algorithm, such as the one in the proposed model, is responsible for simultaneously detecting an orientational difference (i.e., same vs different) and identifying the sign of that difference (i.e., clockwise vs counter-clockwise). Accordingly, the short-term dynamics of orientation discrimination will be investigated in an experiment designed to determine whether an observer's ability to detect and identify orientational changes is differentially affected by stimulus duration. Together, these two aims will serve as the foundation for future attempts to understand the dynamic properties of other visual discriminations, such as motion and depth discrimination.

这项研究提案的总体目标是提供更全面的理解精细方向辨别-可靠区分细微角度差异的能力。 为实现这一目标，提出了两个具体目标。 第一个目标需要开发一个生理上合理的计算模型的方向歧视和方向学习。 该模型假定了一个单一的神经原理，即神经放电的减少，作为长期定向学习和短期倾斜后效的原因-两种看似无关的感知现象。 该模型的预测，倾斜后效应显着更强的方向学习后，将进行心理测试。 第二个目的是确定单个神经算法（例如所提出的模型中的算法）是否负责同时检测取向差异（即，相同对不同）并识别该差异的符号（即，顺时针对逆时针）。因此，短期动态的方向歧视将在实验中进行调查，旨在确定是否观察员的能力，以检测和识别方向的变化是不同的刺激持续时间的影响。 总之，这两个目标将作为未来试图了解其他视觉歧视，如运动和深度歧视的动态特性的基础。