EFFECT OF AGING OF POLLUTANTS FOR SOIL ON BIOAVAILABILITY

土壤污染物老化对生物利用度的影响

• 批准号: 6106347
• 负责人: MARTIN ALEXANDER
• 金额: $ 13.44万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-20 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6106347
• 关键词: alkanes; benzene; biotransformation; biphenyl compounds; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; ground water; hazardous substances; industrial waste; microorganism; mutagen testing; naphthalenes; nonwater solvent; phenanthrene; polystyrenes; soil pollution; toluene; water pollution

During the prolonged period that many organic pollutants react in soil, they appear to become sequestered and their behavior changes. This sequestration or aging affects their susceptibility to biodegradation, extractability, and toxicity. However, the means presently do not exist to predict the extent of change in bioavailability with time for any organic compound. Hence, a study is proposed (1) to determine the properties of organic compounds and of soils that govern how aging-in soil affects bioavailability in terms of extractability, biodegradability, and toxicity; and (2) to establish the feasibility of using biodegradation and extraction methods to predict toxicity of organic compounds in soil. Plant (seed germination, root elongation), microbial (nitrification, Ames Salmonella mutant reversion), and invertebrate (acute toxicity to Eisenia foetida) toxicity tests will be employed as a suite applicable to soil-borne hazardous wastes. In addition, studies will be conducted on the mechanisms by which aging occurs, with attention to both porous and non-porous media (synthetic and natural), soil properties, and pore size, tortuosity, and distribution. Emphasis will be on some 25 14C-labeled compounds for which property- outcomes relationships and shifts in known rate and extent of biodegradability may be related to measures of toxicity and sequestration.

在许多有机污染物在土壤中反应的较长时间内， 它们似乎变得与世隔绝，行为也发生了变化。这 封存或老化会影响它们对生物降解的敏感性， 可萃取性和毒性。然而，目前还不存在这种手段。 以预测生物利用度随时间的变化程度 有机化合物。因此，提出了一项研究(1)以确定 控制老化的有机化合物和土壤的性质 土壤在可萃取性方面影响生物有效性， 生物降解性和毒性；以及(2)确定 用生物降解法和萃取法预测黄曲霉毒素的毒性 土壤中的有机化合物。植物(种子萌发、根伸长)， 微生物(硝化作用、Ames沙门氏菌突变株逆转)，以及 无脊椎动物(对赤子爱胜虫的急性毒性)毒性测试将 作为适用于土基危险废物的套件使用。在……里面 此外，还将对衰老的机制进行研究 发生，同时注意多孔和非多孔介质(合成和 自然)，土壤性质，以及孔隙大小，曲折和分布。 重点将放在大约25种14C标记的化合物上，这些化合物的性质- 已知率和程度的结果、关系和转变 生物降解性可能与毒性和 自动减支。