Reconstructing Pliocene-Pleistocene paleoenvironmental conditions and biogeochemical element cycling in the Gulf of Alaska (Northeast Pacific)
重建阿拉斯加湾(东北太平洋)上新世-更新世古环境条件和生物地球化学元素循环
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/L002639/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 1.76万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2013
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2013 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Studying marine sediments is one of the best methods to assess changes to the environment and climate that affected certain regions of our ocean in the past, ultimately leading to a better understanding of Erath's climate system as a whole, and potentially a better idea of the effects of future climate change. In the context of climate change, the cycling of carbon and other essential elements between the atmosphere, the biosphere, the ocean and marine sediments is of major importance. Marine primary producers sequester carbon dioxide from the atmophere into their biomass, and ultimately into marine sediments at the seafloor. There is a delicate balance between sources, sinks, and transformations between a number of essential elements (like carbon, phosphorus, iron) that controls how much atmospheric carbon gets buried in the seafloor. Reconstructing this balance, and its linkage to global climate changes, can be done by analysing the archives of past environmental conditions using inorganic geochemical methods. This is one of the major aims of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, dedicated to provide high-quality marine sediment records covering critical intervals in Earth's climatic history from various parts of the world ocean.Within the context of this global and longterm undertaking, IODP Expedition 341 will recover long sediment cores from the currently understudied marginal Northeast Pacific. The selected drill sites cover a range of water depths and distances to the coast, which will hopefully allow for paleoenvironmental reconstructions along a depth/distance transect. In addition, the Gulf of Alaska is located close to the Bering Sea, where the PI of this project participated in IODP Expedition 323 and in the following studied various paleoenvironmental and biogeochemical parameters than can ideally be compared to respective data from the Gulf of Alaska. The sediments to be recovered there are well suited to tackle a number of highly relevant research questions. First, biogenic opal productivity in the North Pacific is generally believed to have "crashed" at the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, but new data from the Bering Sea contradict this widely accepted assumption. Comparable data from the Gulf of Alaska will provide additional information for this discussion, and will give us a better idea of the development of primary productivity across the wider North Pacific in response to northern hemisphere cooling. Second, primary productivity in the Gulf of Alaska is Fe-limited, and both glacial dust storms as well as diagenetic processes on the shelf have been invoked to deliver the urgently needed reactive Fe to the open marine phytoplankton communities. Studying the distribution of various Fe, but also P phases in the sediments will allow us to estimate how and when these Fe sources were active in the past, and how they affected primary productivity and organic carbon burial. Third, the North Pacific margin has experienced strong variations in bottom water redox conditions over the past millions of years, likely related to enhanced export of organic carbon to the seafloor and/or changes in the degree of deepwater ventilation. Using trace metal records, we will reconstruct the redox history of different water masses in the Gulf of Alaska. Fourth, the Gulf of Alaska sediments provide an ideal location to study the sources, sinks and biogeochemical cycling of various P phases that were newly identified in the Bering Sea. Recognition of these P phases and their involvement into biogeochemical cycles might change our current understanding of the global marine P cycle, and might be instrumental for better global biogeochemical models.
研究海洋沉积物是评估过去影响我们海洋某些区域的环境和气候变化的最佳方法之一,最终有助于更好地了解伊拉斯的整个气候系统,并有可能更好地了解未来气候变化的影响。在气候变化的背景下,碳和其他基本元素在大气、生物圈、海洋和海洋沉积物之间的循环非常重要。海洋初级生产者将大气中的二氧化碳隔离到它们的生物量中,最终进入海底的海洋沉积物中。在来源、汇和一些基本元素(如碳、磷、铁)之间的转化之间存在着微妙的平衡,这些元素控制着大气中埋藏在海底的碳的数量。重建这种平衡及其与全球气候变化的联系,可以通过使用无机地球化学方法分析过去环境条件的档案来完成。这是综合海洋钻探计划的主要目标之一,该计划致力于从世界海洋的不同部分提供覆盖地球气候历史关键时段的高质量海洋沉积物记录。在这项全球性和长期任务的背景下,IODP 341探险将从目前研究不足的东北太平洋边缘地区回收长沉积物岩芯。选定的钻探地点覆盖了一系列水深和到海岸的距离,这将有望允许沿深度/距离横断面重建古环境。此外,阿拉斯加湾靠近白令海,该项目的PI在那里参加了IODP第323次探险,并在接下来的研究中研究了各种古环境和生物地球化学参数,理想情况下可以与阿拉斯加湾的相关数据进行比较。将在那里回收的沉积物非常适合解决一些高度相关的研究问题。首先,北太平洋的生物蛋白石生产力通常被认为已经在上新世-更新世的界线上“崩溃”,但来自白令海的新数据与这一广泛接受的假设相矛盾。来自阿拉斯加湾的可比数据将为这一讨论提供额外的信息,并将使我们更好地了解更广泛的北太平洋地区初级生产力对北半球降温的响应。其次,阿拉斯加湾的初级生产力是铁有限的,冰川沙尘暴和大陆架上的成岩过程都被用来向开阔的海洋浮游植物群落提供急需的活性铁。研究沉积物中各种铁和磷的分布,将使我们能够估计这些铁源在过去是如何以及何时活跃的,以及它们如何影响初级生产力和有机碳埋藏。第三,北太平洋边缘在过去数百万年中经历了底层水氧化还原条件的强烈变化,这可能与有机碳向海底的出口增加和/或深水通风程度的变化有关。利用痕量金属记录,我们将重建阿拉斯加湾不同水团的氧化还原历史。第四,阿拉斯加湾沉积物为研究白令海新发现的各种磷相的来源、汇和生物地球化学循环提供了理想的位置。认识这些磷阶段及其参与生物地球化学循环可能会改变我们目前对全球海洋磷循环的理解,并可能有助于建立更好的全球生物地球化学模型。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Cordilleran ice-sheet growth fueled primary productivity in the Gulf of Alaska, northeast Pacific Ocean
- DOI:10.1130/g39904.1
- 发表时间:2018-04
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.8
- 作者:J. Müller;O. Romero;E. Cowan;E. McClymont;M. Forwick;H. Asahi;C. März;C. Moy;I. Suto;A. Mix;J. Stoner
- 通讯作者:J. Müller;O. Romero;E. Cowan;E. McClymont;M. Forwick;H. Asahi;C. März;C. Moy;I. Suto;A. Mix;J. Stoner
Mid-Pleistocene climate transition drives net mass loss from rapidly uplifting St. Elias Mountains, Alaska
- DOI:10.1073/pnas.1512549112
- 发表时间:2015-12-08
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:11.1
- 作者:Gulick, Sean P. S.;Jaeger, John M.;Swartz, John M.
- 通讯作者:Swartz, John M.
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Christian Maerz其他文献
Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental changes revealed in multi-proxy records from the Chukchi Abyssal Plain, western Arctic Ocean
北冰洋西部楚科奇深渊平原多代理记录揭示的晚第四纪古环境变化
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2013 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.9
- 作者:
Rujian Wang;Wenshen Xiao;Christian Maerz;Qianyu Li - 通讯作者:
Qianyu Li
Christian Maerz的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Christian Maerz', 18)}}的其他基金
Assessing ocean-forced, marine-terminating glacier change in Greenland during climatic warm periods and its impact on marine productivity (Kang-Glac)
评估气候温暖时期格陵兰岛受海洋驱动、海洋终止的冰川变化及其对海洋生产力的影响 (Kang-Glac)
- 批准号:
NE/V006630/1 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 1.76万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Gulf of Corinth IODP Expedition 381 Inorganic Geochemistry
科林斯湾 IODP 381 号探险队无机地球化学
- 批准号:
NE/R018170/1 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 1.76万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
The Changing Arctic Ocean Seafloor (ChAOS) - how changing sea ice conditions impact biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystems
不断变化的北冰洋海底 (ChAOS) - 不断变化的海冰条件如何影响生物群落、生物地球化学过程和生态系统
- 批准号:
NE/P006493/1 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 1.76万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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