NEURAL SYSTEMS UNDERLYING RETRIEVAL OF WORDS FOR CONCRETE ENTITIES IN ENGLISH

英语中具体实体单词检索的神经系统

• 批准号: 6201728
• 负责人: Thomas J. Grabowski
• 金额: $ 16.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6201728
• 关键词: association cortex; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; brain interhemispheric activity; brain mapping; concept; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; language; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; positron emission tomography; psycholinguistics; sensory mechanism; visual stimulus

Studies in neurological patients with brain lesions suggest that the normal process of retrieving words which denote concrete entities depends in part on multiple regions of the left cerebral hemisphere, located outside classic language areas, in higher-order association cortices. The findings also indicate that, at the level of large-scale systems, there appears to be an intriguing and principled relationship between the anatomical region and the kind of item being named. These findings open the possibility of investigating further the nature of the lexicon and its neural underpinnings, and that is the aim of this project, focused on the issue of lexical retrieval pertaining to concrete entities. We will test three principal hypotheses in a series of [150]H2O PET experiments conducted in 60 normal native English speaking adults. We will begin by testing the idea that the retrieval of words denoting concrete entities pertaining to diverse conceptual categories depends on anatomically separable regions. We will then test the idea that such regions are the same regardless of the sensory mode (e.g., visual [pictures] versus auditory [associated sounds]) of presentation of the concrete entities to be named. Finally, we will test the idea that the same regions operate not only for, retrieval of words, given the concepts, but also for the retrieval of concepts, given the words. In addition to contributing to a better understanding of the neural basis of language processing, the findings are also likely to contribute to the understanding of the neural architectures which subserve cognition, at large-scale systems level, and will have a direct application in the diagnosis and management of disorders of communication and memory.

对患有脑损伤的神经系统患者的研究表明 检索表示具体实体的单词的正常过程取决于 部分位于左大脑半球的多个区域，位于 在经典语言区域之外，在高阶关联皮质中。 这 研究结果还表明，在大型系统层面上， 之间似乎存在着一种有趣且原则性的关系 解剖区域和被命名的项目类型。 这些发现开放 进一步调查词典及其性质的可能性 神经基础，这就是这个项目的目标，重点是 与具体实体相关的词汇检索问题。 我们将测试 一系列 [150]H2O PET 实验中的三个主要假设 在 60 名以英语为母语的正常成年人中进行。 我们将从 测试表示具体实体的单词检索的想法 属于不同的概念类别取决于解剖学 可分离的区域。 然后我们将测试这些区域是 无论感官模式如何（例如，视觉[图片]与 具体实体呈现的听觉[相关声音]） 被命名。 最后，我们将测试相同区域运行的想法 不仅用于在给定概念的情况下检索单词，还用于 根据单词检索概念。 除了为 更好地理解语言处理的神经基础 研究结果也可能有助于理解神经元 在大规模系统级别促进认知的架构，以及 将直接应用于疾病的诊断和管理 沟通和记忆障碍。