The key to quantifying chemical weathering intensity: clay stable isotope fractionation factors

量化化学风化强度的关键：粘土稳定同位素分馏因子

• 批准号: NE/M001865/1
• 负责人: Edward Tipper
• 金额: $ 59.43万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM001865%2F1
• 关键词: key; quantifying; chemical; weathering; intensity

Chemical weathering is the process by which rocks dissolve in contact with natural waters. This process of dissolution supplies nutrients to plants, solutes to waters (of the kind you might find on the label of a bottle of mineral water) and delivers nutrients to the oceans via rivers and groundwaters. These nutrients are used by algae and microscopic plankton to grow, including the growth of shells of marine fauna which are made from calcium carbonate. This coupled process of mineral dissolution on the continents and biogenic calcium carbonate formation in the oceans plays a key role in regulating the global carbon cycle, transferring carbon from the atmosphere to the carbonate rock reservoir, when shells become buried as sediments. Geologists think that this simple series of reactions has played a pivotal role in regulating the carbon cycle and hence climate over Earth's history.Critical to this series of processes are clays. Rocks don't simply just dissolve in rainwater, they break down slowly, and their transformation into solutes happens in a stepwise manner via the formation of new minerals, frequently clays. Clays are a very common mineral and present in soils and rocks in the world all around us. We seek to use novel chemical methods to understand how clays are important to the processes of chemical weathering, exploiting recent technological advances that allow us to measure very precisely isotope ratios of the key elements in clay formation, magnesium, silicon and lithium. Different isotopes of an element, have very small differences their mass because of additional neutrons in their nuclei. Geochemists can measure small differences in the amount of these isotopes and from these differences infer key points about how the clays are being made. Importantly these isotopes are fractionated when clays crystallise in the natural world, but this is poorly understood. To improve our understanding, we seek to make artificial clays in the laboratory, where we can control all the conditions of formation carefully, and observe how the isotopes behave. With our detailed understanding of how the isotopes behave in the laboratory, we will then apply this knowledge to the natural world, where we will gain a much better understanding of chemical weathering, and how the carbon cycle, and hence climate has behaved over Earth history.

化学风化是岩石与天然水接触的过程。这种溶解的过程为植物提供营养，溶质到水中（您可能在一瓶矿泉水的标签上发现的那种溶液），并通过河流和地下水向海洋提供养分。藻类和微观浮游生物使用这些营养素来生长，包括由碳酸钙制成的海洋动物区系壳的生长。这种矿物质在大陆上的矿物溶解过程和海洋中的碳酸钙形成在调节全球碳循环中起关键作用，将碳从大气中转移到碳酸盐岩储层，当壳被壳埋在壳中为沉积物。地质学家认为，这个简单的一系列反应在调节碳循环方面起着关键作用，因此在地球历史上的气候。对这一系列过程的关键是粘土。岩石不仅仅是溶解在雨水中，它们会缓慢分解，并且它们向溶质的转化是通过形成新矿物（经常粘土）以逐步的方式发生的。粘土是一种非常普通的矿物质，在我们周围世界各地的土壤和岩石中都存在。我们试图使用新型的化学方法来了解粘土对化学风化过程的重要性，从而利用了最新的技术进步，从而使我们能够非常精确地测量粘土形成，镁，硅和锂的关键元素的同位素比率。元素的不同同位素的质量很小，因为其核中有其他中子。地球化学主义者可以测量这些同位素的数量的微小差异，从这些差异中推断出有关粘土的制造方式的关键点。重要的是，当粘土在自然世界中结晶时，这些同位素会分馏，但这是鲜为人知的。为了提高我们的理解，我们试图在实验室中制作人造粘土，在那里我们可以仔细控制所有形成条件，并观察同位素的行为方式。鉴于我们对同位素在实验室中的行为的详细理解，我们将把这些知识应用于自然世界，在那里我们将对化学风化，碳循环以及因此气候在地球历史上表现出更好的理解。

项目成果

Experimental constraints on Li isotope fractionation during clay formation

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.02.015
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: R. Hindshaw;Rebecca Tosca;Thomas L. Goût;I. Farnan;N. Tosca;E. Tipper

Decoupling of dissolved and bedrock neodymium isotopes during sedimentary cycling

沉积循环过程中溶解的和基岩的钕同位素的解耦

• DOI: 10.7185/geochemlet.1828
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Geochemical Perspectives Letters
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Hindshaw R

Rare earth element and neodymium isotope tracing of sedimentary rock weathering

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119794
• 发表时间: 2020-10-20
• 期刊: CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Bayon, Germain;Lambert, Thibault;Tipper, Edward T.
• 通讯作者: Tipper, Edward T.

Temperature dependent lithium isotope fractionation during glass dissolution

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.09.005
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Thomas L. Goût;Madeleine Bohlin;E. Tipper;G. Lampronti;I. Farnan

Experimental constraints on Mg isotope fractionation during clay formation: Implications for the global biogeochemical cycle of Mg

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115980
• 发表时间: 2020-02-01
• 期刊: EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Hindshaw, Ruth S.;Tosca, Rebecca;Tipper, Edward T.
• 通讯作者: Tipper, Edward T.