Arup Global Research Challenge: Novel technologies to understand relationships between green infrastructure and environmental quality in cities

奥雅纳全球研究挑战赛：了解城市绿色基础设施与环境质量之间关系的新技术

• 批准号: NE/N018745/1
• 负责人: Alistair Boxall
• 金额: $ 4.47万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN018745%2F1
• 关键词: Arup; Global; Research; Challenge; Novel

About half of the world's population lives in urban areas and ongoing migration into city has given rise to larger cities or even megacities. Rapid urbanization and more intensive human activities have led to adverse environmental changes that deplete or impair environmental/ecosystem services; ultimately compromising the sustainability of economic activity. Urban pollution can also impact the health of the natural environment. It has long been recognised that Green Infrastructure (GI), such as trees, grassland, waterbodies, can enhance the quality of city environments. GI can mitigate against some types of urban pollution as well as be affected by urban pollution. However, the interplays between GI and urban pollution and other measures of environmental quality are still poorly understood. By better understanding these relationships, it may be possible to better integrate GI into the design and operation of cities. New monitoring and modelling technologies, such as wireless sensing networks, drones and crowdsourcing, could provide a better understanding of the relationships between GI and the quality of city environments. The aim of the project is therefore to explore how new modelling and monitoring technologies could be used to better understand the potential impact of GI resources within cities on environmental quality. The project will initially involve a detailed review of what new technologies are available for monitoring environmental quality (e.g. ecology, noise, humidity, temperature, NOx, particulates, volatile organic compounds and ozone) in cities. A selection of these technologies will then be employed in a small-scale pilot experimental study to monitor the relationships between one or more types of green infrastructure and environmental quality in a site in York. This pilot study will provide an understanding of how these studies should be designed, how the data should be analysed as well as providing data at high temporal and spatial resolutions on the impacts of the GI.

世界上大约一半的人口生活在城市地区，不断向城市的移民导致了更大的城市甚至特大城市的出现。快速的城市化和更密集的人类活动导致了不利的环境变化，消耗或损害了环境/生态系统服务，最终损害了经济活动的可持续性。城市污染也会影响自然环境的健康。绿色基础设施（GI），如树木、草地、水体，可以提高城市环境质量，这一点早已得到公认。地理标志可以减轻某些类型的城市污染，以及受到城市污染。然而，地理标志与城市污染和其他环境质量措施之间的相互作用仍然知之甚少。通过更好地理解这些关系，有可能更好地将地理信息系统纳入城市的设计和运营。新的监测和建模技术，如无线传感网络、无人机和众包，可以更好地理解地理标志与城市环境质量之间的关系。因此，该项目的目的是探索如何使用新的建模和监测技术，以更好地了解城市内地理标志资源对环境质量的潜在影响。该项目最初将详细审查有哪些新技术可用于监测城市环境质量（例如生态、噪音、湿度、温度、氮氧化物、微粒、挥发性有机化合物和臭氧）。然后，将在一项小规模试点实验研究中采用这些技术，以监测约克一个地点的一种或多种绿色基础设施与环境质量之间的关系。这项试点研究将使人们了解这些研究应如何设计，数据应如何分析，以及提供关于地理标志影响的高时空分辨率数据。