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Ecological drivers of intragenomic conflict resolution

基因组内冲突解决的生态驱动因素

基本信息

批准号：
NE/R008825/2
负责人：
Michael Brockhurst
金额：
$ 18.99万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR008825%2F2
关键词：
Ecological drivers intragenomic conflict resolution

项目摘要

The classical view of evolution is as a process of gradual accumulation of small changes by mutations passed on to descendants. However, genome sequencing has revealed that in bacteria genes are frequently exchanged between cells and species by a process called horizontal gene transfer, allowing evolution to make big, fast jumps. Genes often pass from one bacterial cell to another on circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. However, acquiring a plasmid can be costly to a bacterial cell because plasmids use energy and introduce new genes that disrupt the normal working of the bacterium. In evolutionary theory these costs are called intragenomic conflicts because what is good for the plasmid is bad for the bacterial chromosome, and vice versa. We have recently shown that evolution can resolve these conflicts by a process of 'compensatory evolution', whereby either the bacterial chromosome or the plasmid gains mutations that lessen the cost of carrying the plasmid. By increasing plasmid survival, compensatory evolution is likely to increase the chance of new genes jumping onto plasmids from bacterial chromosomes, allowing these to be shared with other species in the community. In this proposal we will discover how the ecology of microbial communities and the environments they live in shape the processes of compensatory evolution, and whether compensatory evolution itself speeds up the sharing of genes between species.

经典的进化论观点认为，小的变化是通过突变传给后代而逐渐积累的过程。然而，基因组测序显示，在细菌中，基因通过一种称为水平基因转移的过程在细胞和物种之间频繁交换，使进化能够进行大而快的跳跃。基因通常通过称为质粒的环状DNA片段从一个细菌细胞传递到另一个细菌细胞。然而，获得质粒对细菌细胞来说可能是昂贵的，因为质粒使用能量并引入新的基因，破坏细菌的正常工作。在进化理论中，这些代价被称为基因组内冲突，因为对质粒有利的东西对细菌染色体不利，反之亦然。我们最近已经表明，进化可以通过“补偿性进化”的过程来解决这些冲突，即细菌染色体或质粒获得突变，从而降低携带质粒的成本。通过增加质粒的存活率，补偿性进化可能会增加新基因从细菌染色体跳到质粒上的机会，从而使这些基因与群落中的其他物种共享。在这个提议中，我们将发现微生物群落的生态学和它们所处的环境如何塑造补偿性进化的过程，以及补偿性进化本身是否加速了物种之间的基因共享。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Why do plasmids manipulate the expression of bacterial phenotypes?

DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0461
发表时间：
2022-01-17
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Billane K;Harrison E;Cameron D;Brockhurst MA
通讯作者：
Brockhurst MA

Plasmid fitness costs are caused by specific genetic conflicts enabling resolution by compensatory mutation.

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001225
发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
PLoS biology
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Hall JPJ;Wright RCT;Harrison E;Muddiman KJ;Wood AJ;Paterson S;Brockhurst MA
通讯作者：
Brockhurst MA

Eco-evolutionary Dynamics Set the Tempo and Trajectory of Metabolic Evolution in Multispecies Communities.

DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.028
发表时间：
2020-12-21
期刊：
Current biology : CB
影响因子：
0
作者：
Evans R;Beckerman AP;Wright RCT;McQueen-Mason S;Bruce NC;Brockhurst MA
通讯作者：
Brockhurst MA

Compensatory mutations reducing the fitness cost of plasmid carriage occur in plant rhizosphere communities.

在植物根际群落中，质量降低质粒的适应性成本的补偿性突变。

DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiad027
发表时间：
2023-03-23
期刊：
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bird, Susannah M.;Ford, Samuel;Thompson, Catriona M. A.;Little, Richard;Hall, James P. J.;Jackson, Robert W.;Malone, Jacob;Harrison, Ellie;Brockhurst, Michael A.
通讯作者：
Brockhurst, Michael A.

Horizontal gene transfer and ecological interactions jointly control microbiome stability.