North China craton: A unique window into Earth's middle age
华北克拉通:了解地球中年时期的独特窗口
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/R010129/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 82.7万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2018 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Biological evolution is commonly viewed as a gradual and largely predictable journey from simple, single-celled bacterial ancestors, to ever larger and more complex life forms. Similarly, the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and oceans (which is considered to play a crucial role in biological evolution) is generally viewed as a gradual, albeit stepwise, trajectory towards greater oxygenation, with each rise occurring in tandem with, and facilitating progressive increases in, biological size and complexity. This paradigm of a monotonous progression towards modern conditions and the implied linkage between key evolutionary steps and oxygenation has recently been challenged. However, relevant data to resolve the issue are scarce and ambiguous. Geochemical estimates of atmospheric oxygen levels during the Proterozoic range widely, and our understanding of ocean oxygenation levels have complicated this picture further, indicating a dynamic environment fluctuating between abundant oxygen levels and no oxygen (anoxic). As such, links between Earth surface oxygenation and early biological evolution have been particularly difficult to unravel. Recently discovered, large eukaryote fossils from North China are particularly difficult to understand in the light of current understanding of Earth's atmospheric evolution which suggests exceedingly low oxygen levels at this time of diversification.Studies of early Earth environments have been severely hampered by the poor quality of geological samples (burial and subsequent exposure at the Earth's surface can destroy the primary geochemistry of rocks). With this in mind, we propose a multidisciplinary study of superbly preserved mid-Proterozoic samples from the North China craton, largely obtained by drilling, to reconstruct the oxygenation history of the ocean and to investigate how nutrients in the ocean interact with this history. This will be combined with new paleontological data to demonstrate how nutrients and redox constrained the early evolution of eukaryotes, the ancestral lineage of all extant animals. By specifically targeting the best quality samples that can be obtained across this crucial interval in the history of life on Earth, the research outlined in this proposal will shed fundamental new insight into the enigmatic mid-Proterozoic Earth system, including why it took so long for large, complex multicellular eukaryotes to dominate marine ecosystems.In this project we propose an integrated approach to test assumed linkages between Earth surface conditions and biological evolution during the mid-Proterozoic (~1.7-0.9 Ga). A combination of fieldwork and targeted shallow drilling of demonstrably preserved rocks on the North China craton will provide the basis for a detailed study of a crucial interval of early biological diversification. In particular, we will utilize key redox and novel nutrient tracers, organic-walled fossils and molecular biomarkers. Reconstruction of early marine ecosystems and their environment will allow us to test highly topical hypotheses relating to the delayed evolution of biological complexity on Earth, including the potential roles of nutrient availability and Earth surface oxygenation.
生物进化通常被认为是一个渐进的和基本上可预测的旅程,从简单的单细胞细菌祖先到更大更复杂的生命形式。同样,地球大气层和海洋的演变(被认为在生物演变中发挥着至关重要的作用)通常被视为一个渐进的,尽管是逐步的,朝着更大的含氧量的轨迹,每次上升都与生物规模和复杂性同步发生,并促进其逐步增加。这种向现代条件单调进展的范式以及关键进化步骤与氧合之间的隐含联系最近受到了挑战。然而,解决这一问题的相关数据稀少且不明确。地球化学估计的大气中的氧气水平在元古代范围广泛,我们的海洋氧含量的理解进一步复杂化,这表明一个动态的环境波动之间的丰富的氧气水平和没有氧气(缺氧)。因此,地球表面氧化与早期生物进化之间的联系特别难以解开。最近发现的来自中国北方的大型真核生物化石特别难以理解,因为目前对地球大气演变的了解表明,在多样化时期,氧气水平极低。地质样品质量差(埋藏和随后暴露在地球表面可能会破坏岩石的原始地球化学)严重阻碍了早期地球环境的研究。考虑到这一点,我们提出了一个多学科的研究,保存完好的中元古代样品从华北克拉通,主要是通过钻探获得,重建海洋的氧化历史,并调查如何在海洋中的营养物质与这一历史相互作用。这将与新的古生物学数据相结合,以证明营养和氧化还原如何限制真核生物的早期进化,真核生物是所有现存动物的祖先谱系。通过专门针对地球生命历史上这一关键时期所能获得的最佳质量样本,该提案中概述的研究将为神秘的中元古代地球系统提供基本的新见解,包括为什么它花了这么长时间,在这个项目中,我们提出了一个综合的方法来测试地球表面之间的假设联系,中元古界(~1.7-0.9 Ga)的地质条件和生物演化。结合野外工作和有针对性的浅层钻探,对华北克拉通上明显保存的岩石进行钻探,将为详细研究早期生物多样化的关键时期提供基础。特别是,我们将利用关键的氧化还原和新型营养示踪剂,有机壁化石和分子生物标志物。早期海洋生态系统及其环境的重建将使我们能够测试与地球上生物复杂性的延迟进化有关的高度热门的假设,包括营养物质的可用性和地球表面氧化的潜在作用。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Effective Leaching of Argillaceous and Dolomitic Carbonate Rocks for Strontium Isotope Stratigraphy
用于锶同位素地层学的泥质和白云质碳酸盐岩石的有效浸出
- DOI:10.1111/ggr.12531
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.8
- 作者:Chen X
- 通讯作者:Chen X
Earth's Great Oxidation Event facilitated by the rise of sedimentary phosphorus recycling
- DOI:10.1038/s41561-022-00906-5
- 发表时间:2022-03-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:18.3
- 作者:Alcott, Lewis J.;Mills, Benjamin J. W.;Poulton, Simon W.
- 通讯作者:Poulton, Simon W.
Progress towards an improved Precambrian seawater 87Sr/86Sr curve
- DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103869
- 发表时间:2022-01-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:12.1
- 作者:Chen, Xi;Zhou, Ying;Shields, Graham A.
- 通讯作者:Shields, Graham A.
A short-lived oxidation event during the early Ediacaran and delayed oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean
- DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117274
- 发表时间:2021-11-11
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.3
- 作者:Chen, Bo;Hu, Chunlin;Zhu, Maoyan
- 通讯作者:Zhu, Maoyan
Implications of an integrated late Ediacaran to early Cambrian stratigraphy of the Siberian Platform, Russia
- DOI:10.1130/b36534.1
- 发表时间:2023-09-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.9
- 作者:Bowyer, Fred T.;Zhuravlev, Andrey Yu;Zhu, Maoyan
- 通讯作者:Zhu, Maoyan
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Graham Shields其他文献
Graham Shields的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Graham Shields', 18)}}的其他基金
Perturbation of the Earth System at the Proterozoic-Phanerozoic transition and the resilience of the biosphere
元古代-显生宙过渡时期地球系统的扰动和生物圈的恢复力
- 批准号:
NE/P013643/1 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 82.7万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Re-inventing the planet: the Neoproterozoic revolution in oxygenation, biogeochemistry and biological complexity
重新发明地球:氧合、生物地球化学和生物复杂性的新元古代革命
- 批准号:
NE/I00596X/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 82.7万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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