Advective pathways of nutrients and key ecological substances in the Arctic (APEAR)

过去几十年来，北极海冰的迅速减少通常被视为气候变化的表现。海冰的减少使以前被冰覆盖的北冰洋大面积暴露在大气中，并加强了空气-海洋交换。这导致海洋环流的变化，并影响海洋生态系统。由于海洋和海冰之间的多重影响，北极生态系统的未来状态尚不清楚。拟议的项目将解决北冰洋洋流的变化，以及北冰洋两省（大西洋和太平洋）海洋生态系统的区域差异。利用历史数据、新的观测和高分辨率海洋和生态系统模型，该项目将调查洋流、营养供应和生态重要关键物质（如二氧化碳）的当前变化。将使用“北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站”观测方案（MOSAiC；另见http://www.mosaic-expedition.org/）的数据。该计划计划于2019/2020年实施，将覆盖欧亚盆地和北极中部的大部分地区。该项目将为政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的下一次评估研究未来气候变化情景下上层海洋的营养供应和海洋生态系统的变化，并将量化新出现的北极气候对生态系统、渔业、北极工业和社会的影响。该项目汇集了来自英国、德国和瑞典的主要研究人员，以极地科学的研究专长为基础。该项目将促进对英国、欧洲和世界范围内北极和气候的新认识。

The fast decline of Arctic sea ice in the last decades is commonly viewed as manifestation of the climate change. The sea ice reduction exposes a large area of the previously ice-covered Arctic Ocean to the atmosphere, and intensifies air-ocean exchanges. This leads to changes in ocean circulation and impacts ocean ecosystems. Due to multiple influences between ocean and sea ice the future state of the Arctic ecosystem is not well understood.The proposed project will address changes in the ocean currents in the Arctic Ocean and the regional differences the marine ecosystems between the two provinces in the Arctic Ocean: the Atlantic and Pacific sectors. Using historical data, new observations and high-resolution ocean and ecosystem models the project will investigate current changes in the ocean currents, nutrients supply and ecologically important key substances, such as CO2. The data from the "Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate" Observational Programme (MOSAiC; see also http://www.mosaic-expedition.org/) will be used. The programme is planned to take place in 2019/2020 and will cover a large part of the Eurasian Basin and central Arctic.The project will examine nutrient supply to the upper ocean and the changes in marine ecosystems in the future climate change scenarios for the next assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and will quantify the impact of the emerging new Arctic climate on the ecosystems, fisheries, Arctic industries and societies. The project brings together leading researchers from the UK, Germany and Sweden, building on the research expertise in the Polar Sciences. The project will facilitate a new understanding of the Arctic and climate in the UK, Europe and worldwide.