SatCAT: Using satellite data to improve safety and routing efficiency in the aviation industry.

湍流是商业航空运输的一个重要安全考虑因素：由湍流引起的坠机非常罕见，但乘客和机组人员受伤每周都会发生。它通常会在没有警告的情况下袭击，特别是很难检测到的“晴空湍流”，这意味着安全带信号可能会关闭，人们会在机舱内走动。在这种情况下，人们可能会被抛下双脚，在此过程中受伤，任何松散的物品（如笔记本电脑）都可能成为危险的抛射物。因此，航空公司和飞行员会规划避开潜在湍流区域的航线，一旦进入空中，如果他们怀疑前方有严重的湍流，就会尽可能改变航线。然而，这依赖于足够的警告：如果你不知道它在那里，就不可能避免湍流。天气预报提供湍流警告，但这些警告通常是不准确的-显示不存在的湍流或未能预测湍流时，它确实存在。同样，从驾驶舱中也很难检测到湍流。晴空湍流是看不见的，与风暴有关的湍流很难解释。一个特别的挑战是计算出飞机需要避开风暴云多远才能保持远离湍流。在这个奖学金中，我的目标是增加我们对湍流的了解，以帮助为飞行员提供如何避免风暴湍流的新指导。我将提出一种新的方法，利用最新的气象卫星技术从太空探测湍流，从而实现更好的飞行计划，帮助航空公司避免湍流：通过减少不存在的湍流周围不必要的飞行计划更改来保护乘客的安全并节省资金。通过与英国气象局和阅读大学的天气预报专家合作，我将寻求提高我们预测湍流的能力，使航空公司不仅能够避免飞行中的湍流，而且能够在起飞前更好地提前规划无湍流航线。

Turbulence is an important safety consideration for commercial air transport: Crashes caused by turbulence are exceedingly rare, but injuries to passengers and crew are a weekly occurrence. It can often strike without warning, particularly "clear air turbulence" that is very difficult to detect, meaning that the seat belt sign may be switched off and people will be moving about the cabin. In this situation, people can be thrown off their feet, injuring themselves in the process, and any loose items (such as laptops) can become hazardous projectiles.Airlines and pilots therefore plan routes that avoid potential areas of turbulence and - once in the air - will alter course whenever possible if they suspect severe turbulence is ahead. This, however, relies on adequate warning being available: It is impossible to avoid turbulence if you do not know it is there. Weather forecasts provide turbulence warnings, but these are often inaccurate - showing turbulence where none exists or failing to forecast turbulence when it does exist. Similarly, it is very hard to detect turbulence from the cockpit. Clear air turbulence is invisible and storm-associated turbulence is hard to decipher. A particular challenge is to work out by how far an aircraft needs to avoid storm clouds in order to remain clear of turbulence.In this fellowship, I aim to increase our knowledge of turbulence in order to help to provide new guidance to pilots on how to avoid storm turbulence. I will produce a new method that will detect turbulence from space using the latest weather satellite technology, enabling better flight planning and helping airlines to avoid turbulence: Keeping their passengers safe and saving money by reducing the need for unnecessary flight plan changes around non-existent turbulence. By working with weather forecasting experts at the Met Office and University of Reading I will seek to improve our ability to forecast turbulence, allowing airlines not only to avoid turbulence in-flight but also to allow better advance planning of turbulence-free routes before take-off.