COMMUNITY AND COHORT SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS

ARIC是一个大规模的长期项目， 已确定和疑似冠心病危险因素（CHD） 动脉粥样硬化和新发CHD事件，如心肌梗死， 来自四个不同社区的男性和女性的梗死。项目 有两个组成部分：社区监测发病率和死亡率， 并对一组有代表性的男性和女性进行了反复检查 在每个社区。社区监视包括 医院记录和死亡证明， 医院死亡有代表性的群组包括4，000人， 每个社区。其中三个反映了 其中一个群体是黑人。 所有队列参与者都接受了四次检查（1987-90年），1990-93年， 1993- 1996年和1996- 1999年），并每年联系，以更新他们的医疗 历史动脉粥样硬化通过颈动脉和超声检查来测量。 使用视网膜照相术测量动脉扩张。脑血管 使用MRI在黑色和白色样本中评估疾病 参与者Rick研究的因素包括：血脂、脂蛋白 胆固醇和载脂蛋白;血浆止血因子;糖尿病 和葡萄糖耐受不良;血液化学和血液学和指标 以及感染性和炎症性疾病;这些风险的DNA标记 因素;坐位、仰卧位和站立位血压，以跟踪 高血压的发展;人体测量;空腹血糖和 胰岛素水平作为糖尿病的预测因子;心电图表现;心率 变异性;烟酒使用;体力活动水平;膳食 方面;和家族史。 不同社区的冠心病发病率可以进行比较 医疗保健，并通过队列组成部分，在风险方面， 因素和外周动脉粥样硬化。结果将提供一个 测量冠心病分布和决定因素的变化， 美国，并在生态分析的范围内，建议可能的 观察到的差异的原因。 承包商充当ARIC的协调中心。

ARIC is a large-scale, long-term program that will measure associations of established and suspected coronary heart disease risk factors (CHD) with both atherosclerosis and new CHD events such as myocardial infarction in men and women from four diverse communities. The project has two components: community surveillance of morbidity and mortality, and repeated examinations of a representative cohort of men and women in each community. The community surveillance involves abstracting hospital records and death certificates and investigating out-of- hospital deaths. The representative cohorts include 4,000 persons from each community. Three of these reflect the ethnic composition of the communities in which they live; one cohort is black. All cohort participants are examined four times (1987-90), and 1990-93, 1993-96, and 1996-99), and contacted annually to update their medical histories. Atherosclerosis is measured by carotid and ultrasonography. Arteriosclerosis is measured using retinal photography. Cerebrovascular disease is assessed using MRI in a sample of black and white participants. Rick factors studied include: blood lipids, lipoprotein cholesterols, and apolipoproteins; plasma hemostatic factors; diabetes and glucose intolerance; blood chemistries and hematology and indicators and infectious and inflammatory disease; DNA markers of these risk factors; sitting, supine and standing blood pressures to track the development of hypertension; anthropometry; fasting blood glucose and insulin level as predictors of diabetes; ECG findings; heart rate variability; cigarette and alcohol use; physical activity level; dietary aspects; and family history. The diverse communities can be compared with respect to CHD incidence and medical care and, through the cohort component, with respect to risk factors and peripheral atherosclerosis. The results will provide a measure of the variation in the distribution and determinants of CHD in the U.S. and, within the limits of ecologic analysis, suggest possible reasons for observed differences. The contractor serves as the coordinating center for ARIC.