Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Aeolian dust responses to regional ecosystem change

合作研究：NSFGEO-NERC：风尘对区域生态系统变化的响应

• 批准号: NE/T002263/1
• 负责人: Adrian Chappell
• 金额: $ 21.72万
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT002263%2F1
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; NSFGEO; NERC; Aeolian

Overview: The proposed research will establish dust emission responses to regional ecosystem change across North America due to three disturbance regimes: 1) numerous discrete, small scale (<10 ha), abrupt ecosystem changes associated with energy (oil and gas) development; 2) discrete, large scale (>1000 ha), abrupt ecosystem change associated with fire and ecological feedbacks that promote invasive grasses and altered fire-wind erosion regimes; and 3) diffuse, large scale (>1000 ha), pervasive ecosystem changes associated with sustained shrub invasion of desert grasslands. New dust emission models driven by remote-sensing and broad-scale standardized ecological datasets will be used to resolve the mechanics of soil and vegetation-aeolian transport interactions. The models will be calibrated using data from National Wind Erosion Research Network observatory sites, then applied to explore patterns of dust emission across the study regions. National ecological datasets will be used to analyze the drivers and interpret dust emission responses to regional ecosystem changes across the disturbance regimes. Intellectual Merit: This proposal examines the geomorphic mechanisms and impacts of regional ecosystem change (land use and land cover change) on the magnitude of North American dust emission. Dust originating from North American deserts is regionally important for its profound impacts on human health and transportation systems, water resources, agricultural production, and its feedbacks to biogeochemical cycling and climate. Dust source regions are experiencing changes in ecosystem structure and function due to drought, land use and management pressures, and climate change. Plot-scale research has explored the interactions between vegetation change and aeolian processes in drylands. However, the significance of ecosystem changes for current and future regional dust emissions has not been established over large areas. This research will transform our understanding of how different types of ecosystem change due to human land-use pressures and natural disturbances impact regional dust emissions. Findings will significantly improve our understanding of the coupling between the dust cycle and anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem change.

概述：拟议的研究将确定粉尘排放对北美区域生态系统变化的响应，这三种干扰模式是由于三种干扰模式造成的：1）与能源（石油和天然气）开发相关的大量离散、小规模（<10公顷）、突然的生态系统变化； 2) 与火灾相关的离散、大规模（>1000公顷）、突然的生态系统变化和生态反馈，促进入侵草类和改变火风侵蚀状况； 3) 与荒漠草原持续灌木入侵相关的广泛、大规模（>1000 公顷）、普遍的生态系统变化。由遥感和大规模标准化生态数据集驱动的新粉尘排放模型将用于解决土壤和植被-风运输相互作用的机制。这些模型将使用国家风蚀研究网络观测站的数据进行校准，然后用于探索整个研究区域的粉尘排放模式。国家生态数据集将用于分析驱动因素并解释粉尘排放对扰动范围内区域生态系统变化的响应。智力价值：该提案研究了区域生态系统变化（土地利用和土地覆盖变化）对北美粉尘排放量的地貌机制和影响。来自北美沙漠的灰尘因其对人类健康和交通系统、水资源、农业生产及其对生物地球化学循环和气候的反馈的深远影响而具有区域重要意义。由于干旱、土地利用和管理压力以及气候变化，沙尘源地区的生态系统结构和功能正在发生变化。地块规模的研究探讨了旱地植被变化与风沙过程之间的相互作用。然而，生态系统变化对当前和未来区域粉尘排放的重要性尚未在大范围内得到证实。这项研究将改变我们对人类土地利用压力和自然干扰导致的不同类型生态系统变化如何影响区域粉尘排放的理解。研究结果将显着提高我们对灰尘循环与生态系统变化的人为驱动因素之间耦合的理解。

项目成果

Modelled direct causes of dust emission change (2001–2020) in southwestern USA and implications for management

模拟美国西南部粉尘排放变化（2001 年至 2020 年）的直接原因及其对管理的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100852
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Aeolian Research
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Webb, Nicholas P.
• 通讯作者: Webb, Nicholas P.

Indicators and benchmarks for wind erosion monitoring, assessment and management

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105881
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Ecological Indicators
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: N. Webb;E. Kachergis;S. W. Miller;Sarah E. McCord;B. Bestelmeyer;Joel R. Brown;A. Chappell;B. Edwards;J. Herrick;J. Karl;J. Leys;L. Metz;Stephen G. Smarik;J. Tatarko;J. Zee;G. Zwicke

A North American dust emission climatology (2001–2020) calibrated to dust point sources from satellite observations

根据卫星观测的尘埃点源校准北美尘埃排放气候学（2001 年至 2020 年）

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100766
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Aeolian Research
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Edwards, Brandon L.;Faist, Akasha M.;Kandakji, Tarek;Baddock, Matthew C.;Wheeler, Brandi;Tyree, Gayle;Treminio, Ronald;Webb, Nicholas P.
• 通讯作者: Webb, Nicholas P.

A reversal in global terrestrial stilling and its implications for wind energy production

• DOI: 10.1038/s41558-019-0622-6
• 发表时间: 2019-12-01
• 期刊: NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Zeng, Zhenzhong;Ziegler, Alan D.;Wood, Eric F.
• 通讯作者: Wood, Eric F.

The impact of ecosystem change on dust emission in North America

生态系统变化对北美粉尘排放的影响

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21883
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Hennen M