Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Aeolian dust responses to regional ecosystem change

合作研究：NSFGEO-NERC：风尘对区域生态系统变化的响应

• 批准号: NE/T002263/1
• 负责人: Adrian Chappell
• 金额: $ 21.72万
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT002263%2F1
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; NSFGEO; NERC; Aeolian

Overview: The proposed research will establish dust emission responses to regional ecosystem change across North America due to three disturbance regimes: 1) numerous discrete, small scale (<10 ha), abrupt ecosystem changes associated with energy (oil and gas) development; 2) discrete, large scale (>1000 ha), abrupt ecosystem change associated with fire and ecological feedbacks that promote invasive grasses and altered fire-wind erosion regimes; and 3) diffuse, large scale (>1000 ha), pervasive ecosystem changes associated with sustained shrub invasion of desert grasslands. New dust emission models driven by remote-sensing and broad-scale standardized ecological datasets will be used to resolve the mechanics of soil and vegetation-aeolian transport interactions. The models will be calibrated using data from National Wind Erosion Research Network observatory sites, then applied to explore patterns of dust emission across the study regions. National ecological datasets will be used to analyze the drivers and interpret dust emission responses to regional ecosystem changes across the disturbance regimes. Intellectual Merit: This proposal examines the geomorphic mechanisms and impacts of regional ecosystem change (land use and land cover change) on the magnitude of North American dust emission. Dust originating from North American deserts is regionally important for its profound impacts on human health and transportation systems, water resources, agricultural production, and its feedbacks to biogeochemical cycling and climate. Dust source regions are experiencing changes in ecosystem structure and function due to drought, land use and management pressures, and climate change. Plot-scale research has explored the interactions between vegetation change and aeolian processes in drylands. However, the significance of ecosystem changes for current and future regional dust emissions has not been established over large areas. This research will transform our understanding of how different types of ecosystem change due to human land-use pressures and natural disturbances impact regional dust emissions. Findings will significantly improve our understanding of the coupling between the dust cycle and anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem change.

概述：该研究将建立沙尘排放对北美区域生态系统变化的响应，这是由于三种干扰机制：1）与能量相关的许多离散的、小尺度（<10公顷）的、突然的生态系统变化（石油和天然气）开发; 2）离散、大规模（> 1 000公顷），与火灾和生态反馈有关的生态系统突然变化，促进了草类入侵和改变了火风蚀状况;（3）荒漠草原灌木持续入侵引起的扩散性、大规模（>1000公顷）、普遍的生态系统变化。将使用由遥感和大规模标准化生态数据集驱动的新的粉尘排放模型来解决土壤和植被-风沙运输相互作用的机制。这些模型将使用来自国家风蚀研究网络观测站的数据进行校准，然后应用于探索整个研究区域的粉尘排放模式。国家生态数据集将被用来分析的驱动程序和解释沙尘排放响应区域生态系统的变化，在整个干扰制度。智力优势：该提案审查了地貌机制和区域生态系统变化（土地利用和土地覆盖变化）对北美粉尘排放量的影响。源自北美沙漠的沙尘对人类健康和交通系统、水资源、农业生产及其对地球化学循环和气候的反馈有着深远的影响，因此具有重要的区域意义。由于干旱、土地利用和管理压力以及气候变化，沙尘源区的生态系统结构和功能正在发生变化。小块土地规模的研究探讨了旱地植被变化与风沙过程之间的相互作用。然而，生态系统变化对当前和未来区域粉尘排放的重要性尚未在大面积上建立。这项研究将改变我们对不同类型的生态系统如何因人类土地利用压力和自然干扰影响区域粉尘排放而发生变化的理解。研究结果将显着提高我们的理解之间的耦合灰尘循环和人为驱动的生态系统变化。

项目成果

Modelled direct causes of dust emission change (2001–2020) in southwestern USA and implications for management

模拟美国西南部粉尘排放变化（2001 年至 2020 年）的直接原因及其对管理的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100852
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Aeolian Research
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Webb, Nicholas P.
• 通讯作者: Webb, Nicholas P.

Indicators and benchmarks for wind erosion monitoring, assessment and management

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105881
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Ecological Indicators
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: N. Webb;E. Kachergis;S. W. Miller;Sarah E. McCord;B. Bestelmeyer;Joel R. Brown;A. Chappell;B. Edwards;J. Herrick;J. Karl;J. Leys;L. Metz;Stephen G. Smarik;J. Tatarko;J. Zee;G. Zwicke

A North American dust emission climatology (2001–2020) calibrated to dust point sources from satellite observations

根据卫星观测的尘埃点源校准北美尘埃排放气候学（2001 年至 2020 年）

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100766
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Aeolian Research
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Edwards, Brandon L.;Faist, Akasha M.;Kandakji, Tarek;Baddock, Matthew C.;Wheeler, Brandi;Tyree, Gayle;Treminio, Ronald;Webb, Nicholas P.
• 通讯作者: Webb, Nicholas P.

A reversal in global terrestrial stilling and its implications for wind energy production

• DOI: 10.1038/s41558-019-0622-6
• 发表时间: 2019-12-01
• 期刊: NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Zeng, Zhenzhong;Ziegler, Alan D.;Wood, Eric F.
• 通讯作者: Wood, Eric F.

The impact of ecosystem change on dust emission in North America

生态系统变化对北美粉尘排放的影响

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21883
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Hennen M