Field Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (FSPIV) system for high-resolution in-situ studies of freshwater and marine ecosystems

用于淡水和海洋生态系统高分辨率原位研究的场立体粒子图像测速 (FSPIV) 系统

• 批准号: NE/T009004/1
• 负责人: Stuart Cameron
• 金额: $ 36.83万
• 依托单位: University of Aberdeen
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT009004%2F1
• 关键词: Field; Stereoscopic; Particle; Image; Velocimetry

Field stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (FSPIV) will enable 3-component high-resolution instantaneous velocity measurements in natural aquatic environments with measurement fields covering an area up to 1.0 m by 0.5 m and sampling rates up to 200 Hz. In addition to recording flow fields, FSPIV can simultaneously capture information on biota in the sampling region using the same hardware, for example, the motion of aquatic plants, or the trajectories of swimming fish. There are no international analogues to the proposed system; it will be a world-first of its kind. Key concepts of this technology have been developed and successfully tested by the research group in Aberdeen (Cameron 2011; Cameron et al., 2013; Biggs et al. 2019). The new system will be assembled based on this experience and will substantially enhance current capability in terms of portability, flexibility in operating conditions, and key performance characteristics such as field-of-view, spatial and time resolution, and measurement accuracy. The new FSPIV system will consist of a lightweight submersible head unit containing eight digital cameras and light-sheet-forming optical components connected by a 30m long umbilical to a control station consisting of a pulsed laser, image capture and storage device, and a portable electric generator. The control station may be mounted, for example, on a river bank, a beach, or in a boat. The umbilical connecting the head unit with the control station will protect the power and data cables for the cameras along with a bundle of fibre optic cables to deliver the laser energy to the measurement region. The head unit may be used in a number of configurations maximising deployment flexibility, e.g. skimming the water surface in shallow rivers or fully submersed in deeper rivers, estuaries or marine environments. The high sensitivity of modern sCMOS cameras allows a relatively low intensity light sheet to be used which is completely harmless and non-invasive to wildlife.The proposed FSPIV system surpasses the capabilities of conventional field measurement techniques in that the instantaneous measurement region covers a large 2-dimensional flow area while maintaining approximately 1 mm spatial resolution, whereas more commonly deployed techniques have comparatively coarser resolution and are limited to 1-D (along a line) or single point measurements. With eight cameras covering the FSPIV measurement domain, redundant estimates of velocity components allow low noise statistical estimates with uncertainties comparable to the best available laboratory devices. The additional capability provided by FSPIV is vital for 'next generation' research studies in freshwater and coastal environments. The FSPIV system will, for example, be used to study interactions between turbulence and aquatic plants or the flow fields around swimming fish in their natural environment. Such studies are inherently cross-disciplinary and bridge the established fields of aquatic ecology, biomechanics, and environmental fluid mechanics (e.g. Nikora 2010). The combination of a multi-disciplinary approach drawing on the collective experience of a national management group and international advisory panel with state-of-the-art world-leading technology should secure transformative changes in current understanding of the natural environment. Biggs, H., Nikora, V., Gibbins, C., Cameron, S. et al., 2019. Journal of Ecohydraulics, 1-18. Cameron, S., 2011. Journal of Hydro-Environment Research, 5(4), 247-262.Cameron, S., Nikora, V. et al., 2013. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 732, 345-372.Nikora, V. 2010. River Research and Applications, 26, 367-384.Nikora, V., Cameron, S., et al., 2012. Environmental Fluid Mechanics: Memorial Volume in Honour of Prof. Gerhard H. Jirka, 217-235.

现场立体粒子图像测速仪（FSPIV）将能够在自然水生环境中进行3分量高分辨率瞬时速度测量，测量场覆盖面积可达1.0 m x 0.5 m，采样率可达200 Hz。除了记录流场之外，FSPIV还可以使用相同的硬件同时捕获采样区域中生物群的信息，例如水生植物的运动或游泳鱼类的轨迹。国际上没有类似的拟议系统;这将是世界上第一个同类系统。该技术的关键概念已经由阿伯丁的研究小组开发并成功测试（卡梅隆2011;卡梅隆等人，2013; Biggs et al. 2019）。新系统将在此经验的基础上组装，并将大大提高当前在便携性、操作条件灵活性和关键性能特征（如视场、空间和时间分辨率以及测量精度）方面的能力。新的FSPIV系统将由一个轻型潜水头单元组成，该单元包含八个数码相机和光片形成光学组件，通过30米长的脐带连接到控制站，该控制站由脉冲激光器，图像捕获和存储设备以及便携式发电机组成。控制站可以安装在例如河岸、海滩或船上。连接头单元与控制站的脐带缆将保护摄像机的电源和数据电缆，沿着一束光纤电缆，以将激光能量输送到测量区域。头部单元可以用于多种配置中，以最大化部署灵活性，例如，在浅河流中掠过水面或完全浸没在较深的河流、河口或海洋环境中。现代sCMOS相机的高灵敏度允许使用相对低强度的光片，这对野生动物是完全无害和非侵入性的。所提出的FSPIV系统超越了传统现场测量技术的能力，因为瞬时测量区域覆盖大的二维流动区域，同时保持约1 mm的空间分辨率，而更普遍使用的技术具有相对较粗的分辨率，并且限于1-D（沿沿着）或单点测量。利用覆盖FSPIV测量域的八个摄像机，速度分量的冗余估计允许低噪声统计估计，其不确定性与最佳实验室设备相当。FSPIV提供的额外能力对于淡水和沿海环境的“下一代”研究至关重要。例如，FSPIV系统将用于研究湍流与水生植物之间的相互作用，或在自然环境中游动鱼类周围的流场。这些研究本质上是跨学科的，并连接了水生生态学、生物力学和环境流体力学的既定领域（例如Nikora 2010）。利用国家管理小组和国际咨询小组的集体经验的多学科方法与世界领先的最新技术相结合，应能确保目前对自然环境的认识发生根本性变化。比格斯，H.，Nikora，V.，吉宾斯角，卡梅隆，S.例如，2019.生态水力学杂志，1-18。卡梅隆，S.，2011.《水文环境研究杂志》，5（4），247- 262。Nikora，V.等人，2013. Journal of Fluid Mechanics，732，345- 372. Nikora，V. 2010.河流研究和应用，26，367- 384.尼古拉，五，卡梅隆，S.，例如，2012.环境流体力学：纪念格哈德·H教授。Jirka，217-235.

项目成果

Theoretical description of PIV measurement errors

PIV测量误差的理论描述

• DOI: 10.1007/s11600-022-00901-9
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Acta Geophysica
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Cameron S