COMPARATIVE CHEMICAL ANATOMY OF THE VENTRAL MEDULLA

腹延髓的比较化学解剖学

• 批准号: 6272453
• 负责人: JAMES J FILIANO
• 金额: $ 23.27万
• 依托单位: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6272453
• 关键词: autoradiography; biotin; brain mapping; brain stem; developmental neurobiology; digital imaging; disease /disorder model; hormone receptor; human tissue; hypothalamus; immunocytochemistry; muscarinic receptor; neurochemistry; neurotransmitter receptor; newborn animals; newborn human (0-6 weeks); postmortem; species difference; sudden infant death syndrome; swine

The overall hypothesis of the Program Project is that SIDS is due to developmental abnormalities of the ventral medulla that interfere with protective cardiorespiratory responses to potentially life-threatening, but often occurring, events during sleep, such as hypoxia, hypercapnia, and apnea. In the context of the Program Project, Project IV will attempt to characterize the cyto-and chemoarchitecture of the ventral medulla of the piglet and human infant. The over-riding concept of the project is that the ventral medullary surface contains clusters of small neurons that are cytologically and neurochemically homogenous and thus form a unified class of neurons; and that his class of neurons provides a common influence on autonomic modulation, chemoreception, and cardiopulmonary coupling, although the specific role of each cluster of neurons varies in accordance with its specific somatotopic connections. First, we will test the hypothesis that, in the piglet, the small ventral neurons of the raphe pallidus, the most superficial parapyramidal neurons, and the retrotrapezoid neurons, belong to the unified class of neurons as evidenced by being cytoarchitectonically identical and expressing the same neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter receptors. Second, we will test the hypothesis that, based on cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic criteria, the human arcuate nucleus is homologous to the small ventral neurons of the piglet raphe pallidus, the piglet superficial parapyramidal nucleus, and the piglet retrotrapezoid nucleus. We will employ the traditional approach of comparative neuroanatomy by testing if neurons in both species share common cell morphology, express common receptors and share common immunohistochemical staining characteristics. Morphologic studies will employ Neurobiotin/R and standard staining methods; autoradiographic studies will test for expression for receptors for glutamate, serotonin, GABA, somatostatin, and acetylcholine (muscarinic); immunohistochemical studies will test for expression of choline acetyltransferase, tyrosine hydroxylase, glutamate decarboxylase, glutamate, substance P, cholecystokinin, and thyrotropin releasing hormone. It is goal of Project IV to develop a comparative anatomic framework that will help the physiologic studies in Projects I-III shed light on the potential significance of arcuate nucleus abnormalities reported in SIDS victims. Ultimately, this neuroanatomic framework may be useful to establish a model for SIDS in the developing piglet based on impaired behavioral and ventilatory responses to asphyxial rebreathing induced by dysfunction of the piglet arcuate homologue.

该计划项目的总体假设是SIDS是由于 腹侧髓质的发育异常 保护性心肺对潜在威胁生命的反应， 但是经常发生，睡眠期间的事件，例如缺氧，高碳酸盐， 和呼吸暂停。在计划项目的背景下，项目IV将尝试 为了表征腹侧髓质的细胞和化学结构 小猪和人类婴儿。该项目的过度概念是 腹侧表面包含小神经元簇 在细胞学和神经化学上是同质的，因此形成了统一 神经元类；并且他的一类神经元提供了一个共同的 对自主神经调节，化学感受和心肺的影响 耦合，尽管每个神经元的特定作用在 根据其特定的体育连接。首先，我们将测试 假设在小猪中，是raphe的小腹神经元 Pallidus，最浅的副锥虫神经元， 逆转录神经元，属于统一的神经元类 通过细胞结构上的相同并表达相同的证据来证明 神经递质和神经递质受体。第二，我们将测试 基于细胞结构和化学结构的假设 标准，人弓形核与小腹侧同源 仔猪的神经元，猪py猪的表面羊皮纸 细胞核和小猪逆转录核核。我们将采用 通过测试神经元是否在 这两种物种具有共同的细胞形态，表达共同受体和 具有共同的免疫组织化学染色特征。形态学 研究将采用神经生物素/R和标准染色方法； 放射自显影研究将测试受体的表达 谷氨酸，5-羟色胺，GABA，生长抑素和乙酰胆碱（毒蕈碱）； 免疫组织化学研究将测试胆碱的表达 乙酰转移酶，酪氨酸羟化酶，谷氨酸脱羧酶 谷氨酸，物质P，胆囊化蛋白和甲状腺蛋白释放 激素。 IV项目的目标是开发一个比较解剖学 将有助于项目I-III棚的生理研究的框架 明白弧形核异常的潜在意义 报道了小岛屿发展中国家的受害者。最终，这个神经解剖框架可能是 有助于建立基于发育仔猪中的小岛屿发展中国家的模型 行为和对窒息呼吸的行为和通气反应受损 仔猪弓形同源物的功能障碍诱导。