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Phanerozoic biodiversity in space and time

空间和时间上的显生宙生物多样性

基本信息

批准号：
NE/V011405/1
负责人：
Erin Saupe
金额：
$ 78.96万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV011405%2F1
关键词：
Phanerozoic biodiversity space time

项目摘要

Different numbers of species are found in different regions of the globe and in different environments. The tropics house incredible numbers of species, whereas polar environments house far fewer. This pattern of decreasing number of species from the equator to the poles is referred to as the latitudinal biodiversity gradient. The spatial distribution of life on Earth is well characterised today, but we know relatively little about how spatial patterns of biodiversity have varied over millions of years, during times in which Earth's climate and continents were dramatically different to today. This knowledge gap prevents us from understanding the causes of variation in richness among regions and environments, leaving a fundamental and unanswered question at the heart of biodiversity studies. We will characterise how latitudinal biodiversity gradients in the oceans have varied during the past 545 million years, using the rich fossil record of skeletonising marine invertebrates. This will allow us to ask what environmental factors control the distribution of biodiversity among regions and environments. These deep time patterns will provide important historical context for understanding the distribution of life on Earth, yielding unprecedented insight into the generation and maintenance of marine biodiversity. It will also help us to understand the long-term effects of major shifts in climate state, such as those occurring today, on biodiversity.

在地球仪的不同区域和不同的环境中发现了不同数量的物种。热带地区拥有数量惊人的物种，而极地环境中的物种要少得多。这种物种数量从赤道到两极逐渐减少的模式被称为纬度生物多样性梯度。今天地球上生命的空间分布特征很好，但我们对数百万年来生物多样性的空间模式如何变化知之甚少，在地球气候和大陆与今天截然不同的时期。这种知识差距使我们无法理解区域和环境之间丰富度变化的原因，在生物多样性研究的核心留下了一个基本的和未回答的问题。我们将利用丰富的海洋无脊椎动物化石记录，研究在过去的5.45亿年里，海洋中纬度生物多样性梯度的变化。这将使我们能够问，是什么环境因素控制着生物多样性在区域和环境之间的分布。这些深层时间模式将为了解地球上生命的分布提供重要的历史背景，从而对海洋生物多样性的产生和维持产生前所未有的洞察力。它还将帮助我们了解气候状况的重大变化（如今天发生的变化）对生物多样性的长期影响。