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Knowledge Exchange Fellowship: Forecast-based Action for Conservation (ForCon)

知识交流奖学金：基于预测的保护行动（ForCon）

基本信息

批准号：
NE/V018841/1
负责人：
Victoria Boult
金额：
$ 20.9万
依托单位：
University of Reading
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV018841%2F1
关键词：
Knowledge Exchange Fellowship Forecast based

项目摘要

Wildlife is threatened by climate change. One way in which climate change affects wildlife is by increasing the frequency of extreme weather events including drought, heat waves and storms. These weather events can cause wildlife losses which are detrimental for the proper functioning of our planet.Fortunately, many extreme weather events can now be predicted by weather forecasts. Weather forecasts can provide early warnings of upcoming extreme events, allowing people to prepare before the event occurs. An example might be: if a weather forecast identifies an incoming hurricane, homeowners can prepare for the hurricane by boarding windows and evacuating. These actions, taken before the hurricane hits, will reduce damage to buildings and will save lives.In a similar way, preparatory actions can be taken to lessen the effects of extreme weather on wildlife, but currently, this approach is not routinely used by wildlife conservation organisations. Why? It is probably because weather forecasts do not directly predict wildlife losses. Rather, there is a gap between the weather forecasts available and the information wildlife conservation organisations actually need. More regular use of weather forecasts could allow conservation organisations to better prepare for extreme weather and ultimately protect wildlife. This fellowship aims to address the under use of weather forecasts in wildlife conservation. Specifically, the fellowship will focus on a particular conservation issue, human-elephant conflict (HEC). HEC occurs when elephants eat farmers' crops or kill cattle or people when sharing water sources. Low rainfall, leading to drought, increases the occurrence of HEC. Working closely with weather forecasters and conservation organisations, the fellowship will adapt weather forecast information so that it is suitable for conservation organisations trying to prevent HEC. In this way, forecasts for low rainfall and drought can provide early warnings of HEC. The fellowship will also seek expert guidance from the Red Cross, who regularly use weather forecasts to plan their humanitarian activities. The Red Cross will help to develop plans outlining conservation actions to be taken based on weather forecasts.The fellowship will test the use of forecasts for managing HEC and will report the findings to other conservation organisations working to prevent HEC. Fellowship partners will also help in the development of reports to share with international governing conservation bodies. In this way, it is hoped that lessons learnt during the fellowship can be shared so that forecasts can be used by other conservation organisations to protect other wildlife around the world from extreme weather.

野生动物受到气候变化的威胁。气候变化影响野生动物的一种方式是增加极端天气事件的频率，包括干旱、热浪和风暴。这些天气事件可能导致野生动物的损失，这对我们星球的正常运作是有害的。幸运的是，现在许多极端天气事件都可以通过天气预报来预测。天气预报可以为即将到来的极端事件提供早期预警，让人们在事件发生之前做好准备。一个例子可能是：如果天气预报表明飓风即将来临，房主可以通过登上窗户和疏散来为飓风做准备。在飓风来袭之前采取这些行动，将减少对建筑物的破坏，挽救生命。同样，可以采取准备行动来减少极端天气对野生动物的影响，但目前，这种方法并没有被野生动物保护组织常规使用。为什么?这可能是因为天气预报不能直接预测野生动物的损失。相反，现有的天气预报与野生动物保护组织实际需要的信息之间存在差距。更经常地使用天气预报可以让保护组织更好地为极端天气做好准备，最终保护野生动物。该奖学金旨在解决天气预报在野生动物保护中的不足之处。具体来说，该奖学金将侧重于一个特定的保护问题，即人象冲突（HEC）。大象在共用水源时吃了农民的庄稼或杀死了牛或人，就会发生HEC。降雨量少，导致干旱，增加了HEC的发生。该奖学金将与天气预报员和自然保育机构紧密合作，调整天气预报信息，使其适合试图预防HEC的自然保育机构。通过这种方式，低降雨和干旱预报可以提供HEC的早期预警。该奖学金还将寻求红十字会的专家指导，红十字会经常利用天气预报来规划其人道主义活动。红十字会将帮助制定计划，概述根据天气预报采取的保护行动。该奖学金将测试预测在管理HEC方面的应用，并将把研究结果报告给其他致力于预防HEC的保护组织。研究金伙伴还将帮助编写报告，与国际管理保护机构分享。通过这种方式，希望可以分享在合作期间的经验教训，以便其他保护组织可以使用预测来保护世界各地的其他野生动物免受极端天气的影响。