Managing the environmental sustainability of the offshore energy transition: a solutions-based approach (MOET)

最近的研究表明，气候变化的影响已经显而易见，这使得实现净零排放的要求比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。实现净零排放的部分解决方案将是北海的地能技术，包括海上风能、蓝氢和绿氢，以及碳捕获和储存。这些新技术将在潜在敏感的地下、海底和水柱中相互作用。该项目将在英国海上选定的测试区域评估这些技术的环境可持续性，并将制定解决方案，以确保海上能源转型的技术和基础设施运行良好，高效且不损害环境。工作包1侧重于工业规模地下海上氢气储存和二氧化碳储存的安全性和可行性，并研究两者如何相互作用，以及如何最好地决定何时使用氢气储存空间，何时使用二氧化碳储存空间。工作包2侧重于地质中储存地点上方的海床和水柱的特征，地质储存中释放的气体或流体对环境的影响，以及风电场和电缆等其他海上能源基础设施对环境的相互作用。工作包3将侧重于海上能源转型的社会影响，评估不同技术方案对生态系统服务（我们从海洋获得的自然效益，如渔业）的风险和效益，并将寻找技术组合提供额外环境或效率改善的净效益。工作包4将与其他WPs合作，以确保项目的全面整合，将每个工作包的产出整合成可用的形式，以支持石油和天然气管理局、皇冠资产管理公司、国家电网和Equinor等运营商等利益相关者未来可能做出的决策。

Recent research suggests that the effects of climate change are already tangible, making the requirement for net zero more pressing than ever. Part of the solution for net zero will be geo-energy technologies in the North Sea, including offshore wind, blue and green hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage. These new technologies will interact with each other in the potentially-sensitive subsurface, seabed and water column. The project will assess the environmental sustainability of these technologies combined, for selected test areas of the UK offshore, and will develop solutions to make sure that the technology and infrastructure of the offshore energy transition, works well, is efficient, and does not harm the environment. Work package 1 focuses on the security and viability of industrial scale subsurface offshore hydrogen storage and carbon dioxide storage and investigates how the two might interact, and how best to make decisions about when to use storage space for hydrogen, and when for carbon dioxide. Work package 2 focuses on the characteristics of the sea bed and water column above the storage sites in the geology, and the effects of gas or fluid release from geological storage on the environment, and the environmental interactions of other offshore energy infrastructure like windfarms and cables. Work package 3 will focus on the social implications of an offshore energy transition, evaluating the risks and benefits of different technological scenarios to ecosystem services (the natural benefits that we get from the ocean, like fisheries), and it will look for net benefits where combinations of technologies provide extra environmental or efficiency improvements. Work package 4 will work with other WPs to ensure a fully integrated project, bringing together outputs from each work package into a usable form to support the decisions that stakeholders like the Oil and Gas Authority, Crown Estate, National Grid, and operators like Equinor, might make in the future.