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NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Accelerating Thwaites Ecosystem Impacts for the Southern Ocean (ARTEMIS)

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究：加速思韦茨生态系统对南大洋的影响 (ARTEMIS)

基本信息

批准号：
NE/W007045/1
负责人：
Rob Hall
金额：
$ 31.04万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW007045%2F1
关键词：
NSFGEO NERC Collaborative Research Accelerating

项目摘要

The Amundsen Sea hosts the most productive polynya in coastal Antarctica, with its vibrant green waters visible from space, and an atmospheric CO2 uptake flux density 10x higher than average for the Southern Ocean. The region is vulnerable to climate change, with rapid losses in sea ice, episodic shifts in the coastal icescape, and the fastest melting glaciers in the adjacent West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). In an ecosystem experiencing such dramatic change, it is critical to resolve the climate-sensitive drivers and feedbacks of the meltwater-associated iron (Fe) delivery, which underpins productivity in this otherwise high-nutrient, low chlorophyll region. Our previous field research (ASPIRE) identified a clear link between the melting WAIS and the delivery of micronutrient Fe to the polynya ecosystem, and its role in rapid CO2 drawdown. Our recent numerical modeling effort (INSPIRE) suggests several pathways for Fe delivery, ways to optimize fieldwork, and guidance for improving mechanistic understanding of Fe supply and cycling. An ongoing physical oceanographic field program (TARSAN, part of the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration, ITGC) offers an ideal physical framework for our next research effort. We propose here to collaborate with TARSAN-supported UK scientists, providing significant value added to both teams. TARSAN explored the eastern Amundsen Sea by ship in Feb-Mar 2019 and expects to operate in the Thwaites region again in Feb-Mar 2021. They will use a full suite of physical oceanographic techniques, including 2 under-ice-shelf AUVs, gliders, surface vehicles, a microstructure profiler, shipboard CTD, seal tags, noble gases, and underway sensors to characterize the ice-ocean interactions responsible for rapid glacial melting. During 2019, TARSAN and THOR (also ITGC) collected detailed bathymetric, sedimentary, and ice-shelf cavity information (available Sept 2019) that will immediately improve and update the INSPIRE model to present-day boundary conditions. Our combined NSFGEO-NERC project (ARTEMIS) will facilitate collaboration between ASPIRE/INSPIRE team members and TARSAN/ITGC, add biogeochemical measurements to the funded 2021 expedition, and build on existing glider infrastructure and seal tag expertise (adding biogeochemical sensors to autonomous vehicles) at modest additional logistical cost. Numerical runs with ARTEMIS's updated model will inform TARZAN's 2021 field effort. Observations made will improve our understanding and our model, allowing a more sophisticated assessment of the role of Fe in present and future scenarios. Our team (ARTEMIS) would add shipboard biogeochemical observations (trace metals, carbonate system, nutrients, organic matter, microorganisms) and autonomous vehicle biogeochemical observations (nitrate, Chl a, optical backscatter) to gather knowledge critical to understanding the impact of WAIS melting on both the polynya ecosystem and the regional carbon (C) cycle. ARTEMIS combines the expertise of a US component comprising a carbonate system and microbial ecologist (Yager), a trace metal biogeochemist (Sherrell), a trace metal isotope geochemist (Fitzsimmons), an organic geochemist (Medeiros), an ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions expert (Stammerjohn), and a numerical ocean modeler (St-Laurent), with a UK component comprising 3 physical oceanographers: TARSAN lead PI (Heywood), a biogeochemically savvy autonomous vehicle expert (Queste), and an oceanographer whose vehicles are marine mammals (Boehme). This international team will work together at sea and with shore-based analyses to address a set of interconnected questions arising from the findings of ASPIRE/ INSPIRE.

阿蒙森海拥有南极洲沿海最多产的冰湖，从太空中可以看到它充满活力的绿色水域，大气二氧化碳吸收通量密度比南大洋平均水平高10倍。该地区易受气候变化的影响，海冰迅速消失，沿海冰流间歇性转移，邻近的南极西部冰盖（WAIS）冰川融化速度最快。在经历如此剧烈变化的生态系统中，解决与融水相关的铁（Fe）输送的气候敏感驱动因素和反馈至关重要，铁（Fe）输送是这个高营养、低叶绿素区域生产力的基础。我们之前的实地研究（ASPIRE）确定了WAIS融化与向多冰生态系统输送微量营养元素铁之间的明确联系，以及它在快速减少二氧化碳中的作用。我们最近的数值模拟工作（INSPIRE）提出了铁输送的几种途径，优化现场工作的方法，以及提高对铁供应和循环的机理理解的指导。一个正在进行的海洋物理实地项目（TARSAN，国际思韦茨冰川合作组织的一部分，ITGC）为我们下一步的研究工作提供了一个理想的物理框架。我们建议与tarsan支持的英国科学家合作，为两个团队提供显著的附加价值。TARSAN于2019年2月至3月乘船勘探了阿蒙森海东部，并预计于2021年2月至3月再次在Thwaites地区作业。他们将使用全套物理海洋学技术，包括2个冰架下的auv，滑翔机，水面车辆，微观结构剖面仪，船载CTD，密封标签，惰性气体和正在进行的传感器，以表征导致冰川快速融化的冰-海相互作用。2019年期间，TARSAN和THOR（也是ITGC）收集了详细的水深、沉积和冰架空洞信息（2019年9月可用），这些信息将立即改进和更新INSPIRE模型，使其符合当前的边界条件。我们的联合NSFGEO-NERC项目（ARTEMIS）将促进ASPIRE/INSPIRE团队成员与TARSAN/ITGC之间的合作，为资助的2021年探险增加生物地球化学测量，并在现有滑翔机基础设施和密封标签专业知识（为自动驾驶车辆添加生物地球化学传感器）的基础上建立适度的额外后勤成本。ARTEMIS更新模型的数值运行将为泰山2021年的实地工作提供信息。所做的观察将改善我们的理解和我们的模型，允许对铁在当前和未来情景中的作用进行更复杂的评估。我们的团队（ARTEMIS）将增加船上生物地球化学观测（微量金属、碳酸盐系统、营养物质、有机物、微生物）和自动车辆生物地球化学观测（硝酸盐、Chl a、光学后向散射），以收集对了解WAIS融化对多冰生态系统和区域碳(C)循环的影响至关重要的知识。ARTEMIS结合了美国组成部分的专业知识，包括碳酸盐系统和微生物生态学家（Yager）、微量金属生物地球化学家（Sherrell）、微量金属同位素地球化学家（Fitzsimmons）、有机地球化学家（Medeiros）、冰-海-大气相互作用专家（Stammerjohn）和数值海洋建模师（St-Laurent），以及英国组成部分的3名物理海洋学家：TARSAN领导PI（海伍德饰），一个精通生物地球化学的自动驾驶汽车专家（奎斯特饰）和一个海洋学家，他的交通工具是海洋哺乳动物（伯姆饰）。这个国际团队将在海上和岸上共同努力，解决ASPIRE/ INSPIRE调查结果产生的一系列相互关联的问题。