Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy from the South Atlantic Transect (International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 390/393)

浮游有孔虫是一种微观的单细胞生物，大量分布于世界各大洋，是微型浮游生物区系的重要组成部分。它们从周围的海水中获取碳酸钙，然后用它来制造贝壳。在建立石油和天然气勘探的储层模型时，广泛地研究并利用浮游有孔虫化石的演化和灭绝事件来评估深海沉积物的年龄和对比沉积岩单元。对南极有孔虫壳的化学成分分析也为科学家提供了古环境信息，这些信息告诉我们过去的环境，并帮助我们了解地球上古代气候条件的性质。然而，这项特别的研究主要集中在沉积岩芯的生物地层学分析上，这些岩芯将在IODP Expedition 390/393南大西洋断面中恢复。船上生物地层学将使我们能够确定每个样本的日期，并为所有钻探地点制作初步的年龄-深度模型，这是任何古海洋学研究的基础。对南极有孔虫丰度、组合组成和测试保存状态的进一步观察将有助于评估所收集样本材料的研究潜力。这将有助于其他研究这些沉积岩芯的科学家根据预期的样品材料质量更有效地规划他们的研究项目。巡航后的研究将侧重于更详细地调查地层上重要分类群的进化事件。这将提供新的年龄校准从亚热带真实的，允许产生更强大的年龄模型在未来的古海洋学研究。

Planktonic foraminifera are microscopic, single celled organisms which live in great abundance throughout the world oceans, being important part of the microplankton fauna. They make up their shells from calcium carbonate, which they obtain form the surrounding sea water. Evolution and extinction events of fossil planktonic foraminifera are extensively studied and used to assess the age of the deep-sea sediments and to correlate sedimentary rock units when building reservoir models for oil and gas exploration. Analysis of chemical composition of planktonic foraminifera shells, also provide scientists with paleoenvironmental information, which tells us about the past environments and help us to understand the nature of ancient climatic conditions on our planet.This particular study however, focuses predominantly on biostratigraphic analysis of the sedimentary cores, which will be recovered during the IODP Expedition 390/393 South Atlantic Transect. Shipboard biostratigraphy will allow us to date each sample and produce preliminary age-depth model for all drilled sites, which is a basis for any palaeoceanographic research. Additional observations of planktonic foraminifera abundances, assemblage composition and state of test preservation, will allow to assess the research potential of the collected sample material. This will aid other scientists working on these sedimentary cores, to plan their research projects more effectively, in accordance with the expected sample material quality. Post cruise study will focus on more detailed investigation of evolutionary events of stratigraphically important taxa. This will provide new age calibrations from the subtropical real, allowing to produce more robust age models in future palaeoceanographic studies.