Biurbs: valuing biodiversity in multi-functional urban development and environment

Biurbs——在多功能城市发展和环境中重视生物多样性英国政府的“自然积极2030”报告建议企业、组织、城市和地方当局采取目标，成为“自然积极”——将生物多样性丧失和气候变化的危机放在平等的基础上。国家层面提高生物多样性的雄心与实地实施之间存在差距，在城市环境中尤其明显。密集化或紧凑型城市方法是城市发展的主要战略。城市化和高密度化导致了城镇环境退化和严重的生境破碎化。这影响了剩余生物多样性口袋的恢复力，并降低了提出的增强措施的有效性。未能在发展中建立一个环境净收益体系，可能会破坏政府的绿色复苏计划。生物多样性可能有利于其他生态系统服务，如可持续排水、户外娱乐、噪音和热量衰减，但生物多样性的经济价值在现有的规划工具中被低估了。此外，有必要了解生态系统服务和不同类型生物多样性的空间需求，以确保它们按预期发挥作用，并具有长期的弹性。这种综合方法将认识到协同效益和权衡，这对于理解地方与国家或全球效益至关重要。Biurbs由来自全国各地的领先研究人员以及创新建筑和绿色基础设施实践者组成的多学科团队共同领导。这项研究涉及决策者和利益相关者，以帮助提供实用的、有充分根据的工具和指导。该研究评估了这些利益对不同土地用途的经济价值。它将不同的生物多样性保护实践视为一整套生态系统服务的一部分，并认为这些实践可能通过新的开发/再生得到最佳实施。该研究考察了微观（场地）和中观（当地社区）的空间尺度，并考察了这些区域内的土地用途，即：住宅、工业和商业、社区和公共建筑、交通和基础设施、户外娱乐。将审查20个典型的现实世界城市遗址，并吸取教训。将对两个地点进行深入研究，以评估如何将最先进的生物多样性改善方法纳入规划，以及这将如何影响城市土地利用的经济学。该项目涉及与英国利益相关者的广泛合作，以确保工作与实践决策相关，并解决政府的自然保护和绿化目标以及更广泛的社会因素，包括适应气候变化和社会凝聚力。提高对绿地和棕地空间生物多样性经济学的理解，将使包括社区、建筑环境专业人士和地方当局在内的决策者能够保护和增强城市地区的自然资本。这项研究将通过四个工作包联系起来，这些工作包与会议的两个主题有关：决策中的生物多样性和决策者的管理工具。研究结果将通过非技术报告进行传播，以增进整个部门的理解和吸收，并得到深入的经济和技术评估工作的支持。

Biurbs - valuing biodiversity in multi-functional urban development and environmentsThe UK Government's Nature Positive 2030 report recommends businesses, organisations, cities, and local authorities adopt targets to become Nature Positive - putting the crises of biodiversity loss and climate change on an equal footing. There is a gap between this national level ambition to enhance biodiversity and implementation on the ground, particularly evident in urban environments. Densification or the compact city approach is a main strategy for urban development. Urbanisation and densification have resulted in environmental degradation and severe habitat fragmentation in towns and cities. This impacts the resilience of remaining bio-diversity pockets and diminishes the effectiveness of proposed enhancements. The failure to move towards a system of net environmental gain in development risks undermining the government's plans for a green recovery.Biodiversity may benefit other eco-system services, such as sustainable drainage, outdoor recreation, and noise and heat attenuation, yet the economic value of biodiversity is undercounted in existing planning tools. Furthermore, there is a need to understand the spatial needs of the eco-system services and different types of biodiversity to ensure that they function as intended and are resilient over the long-term. Such an integrated approach will recognise both synergistic benefits and trade-offs that will be critical in understanding local vs national or global benefits.Biurbs is co-led by a multi-disciplinary team of leading researchers from across the country and innovative architecture and green infrastructure practitioners. The research engages with decision makers and stakeholders, to help inform practical, well-grounded tools and guidance. The research assesses the economic value of these benefits to different land-uses. It considers different biodiversity conservation practices as part of an integrated suite of eco-system services, and where these practices may be best implemented through new development/regeneration. The research examines micro (site) and meso (local neighbourhoods) spatial scales and examine land-uses within these areas, namely: residential, industry & commerce, community & public buildings, transport & infrastructure, outdoor recreation. Twenty exemplary real world urban sites will be examined, and lessons learned. Two sites are to be examined in-depth to assess how the state-of-the-art approach to biodiversity improvement can be integrated into planning and how this impacts the economics of urban land-uses.The project involves extensive collaboration with UK stakeholders to ensure the work is relevant to decision making in practice and addresses the Government's nature conservation and greening objectives as well as wider societal factors including adapting to climate change and social cohesion. Improved understanding of the economics of biodiversity within greenfield and brownfield spaces will empower decision makers including communities, built environment professionals and local authorities to protect and enhance the natural capital in urban areas.The research will be connected through four work packages that link to two themes of the call: Biodiversity in decision making and Management tools for decision makers. The results will be disseminated through non-technical reports to improve understanding and uptake across the sector and supported by in-depth economic and technical assessment work.