O2 ELECTRODE PRODUCTION & DESIGN

作为该中心努力发展和扩大的一部分 极谱电极在自参比中的应用 我们正在开始生产我们自己的电极。 尽管理论上直截了当地说，生产机制 是很困难的。简而言之，玻璃微电极填充了伍兹 金属和蚀刻形成一个凹槽。金属的表面涂上了一层 用电镀的方式镀金，剩余的空白处填充或不填充 一种“氧气选择”膜。膜是否被使用仍然是 对于我们的应用来说，这是一个有争议的问题。在这两种情况下，大型 凹槽和一层膜，一个主要功能是还原氧气 电极尖端的耗尽梯度。今年夏天，我们看到了 第一次尝试建造我们自己的电极。这项工作是在 与Paul Malchow合作，提供Kim的技术建议 米切尔大学神经生物学和免疫学研究中心 和罗伯特·林森迈尔和丽莎·帕德尼克(都是 西北大学，芝加哥)。在后一种情况下，这些 调查人员赠送了镀金溶液。电极已经被 成功制造并应用于氧气研究 滑冰杆电池的消耗量(见分项目21)。以前的研究 使用商业制造的电极(钻石通用)生产 类似的结果让我们在一定程度上相信我们的程序 是正确的。需要制造我们自己的极谱电极 主要是由成本驱动的。每个电极的价格大约是 150美元，而我们的经验表明，只有大约五分之一 对于我们的应用程序来说足够安静。目前，钻石将军正在 更换所有低于我们所需标准的电极。这个 生产我们自己的电极的另一个优势是能够 根据生产一氧化氮的需要进行多样化的设计 探测器。这将是我们在这一领域的下一步研发，我们希望 从我们与金·米切尔的协商安排中获益良多 以及招募托马斯·戈德斯蒂克加入我们的顾问团。

As part of the Center effort to develop and broaden the application of polarographic electrodes to the self-referencing modality we are beginning the production of our own electrodes. Although theoretically straight forward the mechanics of production are difficult. In brief a glass micro-electrode is filled with Woods Metal and etched to form a recess. The surface of the metal is coated with gold by electroplating and the remaining space filled or not with an 'oxygen-selective' membrane. Whether the membrane is used remains a matter of debate for our applications. In both the case of a large recess and a membrane, a main function is to reduce the oxygen depletion gradient at the tip of the electrode. This summer saw the first attempts at building our own electrodes. This work was done in collaboration with Paul Malchow with technical advice from Kim Mitchell (Center for Neurobiology and Immunology Research, University of Kansas), and Robert Linsenmeier and Lissa Padnick (both of Northwestern University, Chicago). In the latter case these investigators gifted the gold-plating solution. Electrodes have been successfully manufactured and applied to the study of oxygen consumption by Skate rod cells (see sub-project 21). Previous studies with commercially manufactured electrodes (Diamond General) produced similar results giving us a degree of confidence that our procedures are correct. The need to manufacture our own polarographic electrodes is driven largely by cost. Each electrode is priced at approximately $150 and our experience has demonstrated that only about one in five are quiet enough for our application. Presently, Diamond General are replacing all electrodes found to be below our needed standard. The additional advantage in producing our own electrodes is the ability to diversify the design as needed for the manufacture of nitric oxide detectors. This will be our next R&D step in this area where we hope to gain immensely from our consultative arrangement with Kim Mitchell and the recruitment to our advisory group of Thomas Goldstick.