权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

NEUROCHEMICAL CONTROL OF VOCAL BEHAVIOR EXPRESSION

声音行为表达的神经化学控制

基本信息

批准号：
2770176
负责人：
PIERRE DEVICHE
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-09-30 至 2000-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2770176
关键词：
animal communication behavior behavioral /social science research tag bioperiodicity endogenous opioid gender difference hormone regulation /control mechanism male castration naloxone opioid receptor ovariectomy photostimulus psychopharmacology seasons songbirds steroid hormone receptor testosterone

项目摘要

Progress in our understanding the neuroanatomical bases and the neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie human language learning and expression and sexually related language=-dependent tasks depends on the use of appropriate animal models. The best such model currently available to us is the songbird. In songbirds, song is a learned behavior which is generally sexually dimorphic and is controlled by a set of dedicated and interconnected brain regions collectively called the vocal control system. This system retains an unusual degree of plasticity in adulthood in that in some regions, new neurons are added and form functional connections or are eliminated throughout life. Sex steroids play a pivotal role in this plasticity as well as in vocal behavior expression. In other experimental models, effects of sex steroids result from changes in opioid synthesis and release, and in mammals, opioids induce neuronal actions that in many respects resemble those of steroids. The avian vocal control system contains opioid peptides, and as demonstrated by the P.I.'s investigations, also opioid receptors. Whether behavioral and neuroanatomical actions of s ex steroids on this system are opioid-mediated has, however, not been examined. To address this question, the P.I.will use a seasonal species to establish whether seasonal change in plasma sex steroid concentrations correlate with alterations in vocal control region opioid expression. He will take advantage of the fact that males, but not females, of his study species normally sing to determine whether vocal control region opioid expression differs between sexes, and he will experimentally manipulate circulating sex steroid concentrations to test whether this expression in steroid-dependent. He will additionally assess the effects of opioid receptor blockade on song rate and structure, and he will investigate whether these effects are centrally mediated and concur with changes in vocal control region morphological characteristics. The proposed research will determine, for the first time, whether actions of sex steroids on vocal behavior and its neuroanatomical substrate involve opioids. It will include training of the P.I. in two new research directions (quantitative light microscopy morphometry; computerized sound analysis) that are directly relevant to studies on human speech, language, and voice.

在我们对神经解剖学基础的理解上，神经生理学机制是人类语言学习的基础，表达和性相关的语言=依赖的任务取决于使用适当的动物模型。目前最好的这种模式对我们来说是鸣禽在鸣禽中，歌唱是一种习得的行为，通常是两性异形的，由一组专用的，相互连接的大脑区域统称为声音控制系统。这一系统在成年期保持着不同寻常的可塑性，在某些区域，新的神经元被添加并形成功能连接，或者被一生中被淘汰。性类固醇在其中起着关键作用可塑性以及发声行为表达。在其他实验模型，性类固醇的影响是由于阿片类药物合成的变化，在哺乳动物中，阿片类药物诱导神经元活动，就像类固醇一样。鸟类发声控制系统含有阿片肽，正如P.I.的调查，阿片受体。无论是行为和神经解剖学上的动作，在这个系统上的前类固醇是阿片样物质介导的，然而，考察为了解决这个问题，PI将使用季节性物种，确定血浆性类固醇浓度是否存在季节性变化与发声控制区阿片样物质表达的改变有关。他会利用他研究中的雄性而不是雌性物种通常唱歌，以确定是否发声控制区阿片类药物表达在性别之间是不同的，他将实验性地操纵循环性类固醇浓度，以测试这种表达是否在依赖类固醇他还将评估阿片类药物的作用。受体阻断对歌曲的速度和结构，他将研究这些效应是否是中枢介导的，是否与发声控制区形态特征拟议研究将首次确定性类固醇的作用发声行为及其神经解剖学基础涉及阿片类药物。它将包括私家侦探的培训在两个新的研究方向（定量光学显微镜形态测定法;计算机化声音分析），与人类言语、语言和声音的研究直接相关。