NSFGEO-NERC: The first actinopterygian adaptive radiation: integrating fossils, function and phylogeny to illuminate innovation in a post-extinction..

NSFGEO-NERC：第一个放线翅目适应性辐射：整合化石、功能和系统发育以阐明灭绝后的创新。

• 批准号: NE/X016633/1
• 负责人: Sam Giles
• 金额: $ 31.07万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FX016633%2F1
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; first; actinopterygian; adaptive

Ancient mass extinctions resulted in the loss of many species but also provided new opportunities for surviving groups. Study of these events is central to both understanding the origin of today's biological diversity as well as contextualizing the threats it faces from environmental change. This work focuses on a major interval of crisis and recovery that took place around 360 million years ago: the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction. This study will determine the impact of this event on the early history of ray-finned fishes, key components of today's aquatic ecosystems and a major commercial resource. The project will provide training at high school, undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels, and develop educational materials for wide audiences, including those underrepresented in STEM fields. Outreach includes a module for high-school students at the University of Michigan, programs at three museums with a combined annual attendance of greater than 500,000, and resources for use in local communities. This work will examine the role of the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction (359 Ma) in precipitating an apparent explosion of diversity among actinopterygians, setting the stage for the group's dominance throughout the remainder of the Phanerozoic. The project will combine microCT, functional anatomy, 3D morphometrics, combined-evidence phylogenetic inference, and evolutionary comparative methods to Devonian and Carboniferous (419-299 Ma) actinopterygians. The project team will: (i) quantify discrete functional innovations, biomechanics, and shape for mandibles to test for increased functional and morphological diversity following a mass extinction; (ii) integrate anatomical, stratigraphic, and molecular data in a Bayesian framework to develop an inclusive hypothesis of early actinopterygian relationships and test hypotheses about the timing of evolutionary divergences and patterns of survival across the extinction boundary; and (iii) combine functional and morphological data with new phylogenetic hypotheses within a comparative framework in to test for shifts in evolutionary rate and mode among actinopterygians associated with the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction.

古老的大规模灭绝导致了许多物种的丧失，但也为幸存的群体提供了新的机会。对这些事件的研究既是了解当今生物学多样性的起源，又要使环境变化所面临的威胁背景下来。这项工作着重于大约3.6亿年前发生的危机和恢复的主要间隔：泥盆纪/石炭纪灭绝。这项研究将确定该事件对射线污染鱼类早期历史的影响，当今的水生生态系统的关键组成部分以及主要的商业资源。该项目将在高中，本科，研究生和研究生级别提供培训，并为广泛的受众开发教育材料，包括在STEM领域的人数不足的受众。外展包括密歇根大学高中生的模块，在三个博物馆举行的课程，年均出勤率超过500,000，以及在当地社区使用的资源。这项工作将研究泥盆纪/石炭纪灭绝（359 Ma）在造成肌动杆菌人之间多样性的明显爆炸中的作用，为该集团在phanerozoic的其余部分中的主导地位奠定了基础。该项目将结合Microct，功能解剖学，3D形态计量学，与泥盆纪和石炭纪（419-299 MA）actinoptergergians相结合的实行系统发育推断以及进化比较方法。项目团队将：（i）量化下降的离散功能创新，生物力学和形状，以测试大量灭绝后功能和形态学多样性的增加； （ii）在贝叶斯框架中整合解剖学，地层和分子数据，以开发出早期actinopterygian关系的包容性假设，并检验关于进化差异和生存模式跨灭绝边界的时机的假设； （iii）将功能和形态数据与新的系统发育假设结合在比较框架中，以测试与泥盆纪/炭化灭绝相关的actinopterygians octolutional速率和模式的变化。