OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AMONG COMMERCIAL FISHERS

商业渔民的职业伤害

• 批准号: 6089998
• 负责人: DANA LOOMIS
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2003-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6089998
• 关键词: clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder prevention /control; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; field study; human population study; human subject; injury; injury prevention; musculoskeletal disorder; occupational disease /disorder; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; occupations; work site

Commercial fishing is among the most hazardous occupations, with high rates of both fatal and nonfatal injury. Nevertheless, few studies have been conducted to examine the epidemiology and prevention of injuries among commercial fishers in the United States. We propose a prospective cohort study of occupational injuries among commercial fishers, with the following aims: 1) To measure the incidence of nonfatal occupational traumatic injuries and musculoskeletal disorders; 2) To characterize the types and severity of occupational traumatic injuries and musculoskeletal disorders; 3) To describe and characterize the work processes, equipment, and working conditions, using qualitative, as well as quantitative methods; 4) To determine the association of occupational injuries with specific aspects of the job, including the type of fishing, size of vessel, equipment, and environmental conditions, and 5) To identify risk factors that could be modified to reduce the risk or severity of injury. The study will be carried out via intensive, two-year prospective follow-up of a cohort of commercial fishers in Eastern North Carolina. The cohort will be characterized in detail by clinical evaluations conducted at entry and every six months thereafter, and incident injuries will be ascertained prospectively by telephone interviews conducted weekly during the fishing season. This follow-up strategy will yield high quality data, allowing accurate ascertainment of injury occurrence in a population that is ordinarily hard to study because of their geographic dispersal and irregular work schedules. The statistical analysis will use state-of-the-art methods for repeated measures data. In addition to providing high-quality data an unstudied, high-risk population, this project will employ an innovative blend of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. We will conduct a field study using ethnographic techniques to understand the work processes of fishing and add context to the quantitative analysis. Potential interventions will be identified and presented to key informants in the fishing population. This proposal directly addresses three NIOSH NORA priority areas: traumatic injury, low back disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities and is pertinent to a research with special populations, another NORA priority.

商业捕鱼是最危险的职业之一，致命性和非致命性伤害的发生率都很高。然而，对美国商业渔民伤害的流行病学和预防进行的研究很少。我们建议对商业渔民的职业伤害进行前瞻性队列研究，目的如下：1)测量非致命性职业创伤和肌肉骨骼疾病的发生率；2)描述职业创伤和肌肉骨骼疾病的类型和严重程度；3)使用定性和定量方法描述和描述工作流程、设备和工作条件；4)确定职业伤害与工作的特定方面的关联，包括捕鱼类型、船只大小、设备和环境条件；以及5)确定可以修改的风险因素，以降低伤害的风险或严重程度。这项研究将通过对北卡罗来纳州东部的一群商业渔民进行为期两年的密集前瞻性跟踪进行。该队列的详细特征是在进入时和此后每六个月进行一次临床评估，并将在捕鱼季节每周进行电话访谈，以确定事故伤害情况。这一后续战略将产生高质量的数据，使准确确定伤害发生在一个人口，通常很难研究，因为他们的地理分散和不规律的工作时间表。统计分析将使用最先进的方法重复测量数据。除了向未经研究的高危人群提供高质量的数据外，该项目还将采用定性和定量方法的创新结合。我们将利用人种学技术进行实地研究，以了解捕鱼的工作过程，并为定量分析增加背景。将确定可能的干预措施，并向捕鱼人口中的主要信息提供人介绍。这项建议直接针对NIOSH NORA的三个优先领域：创伤损伤、腰部疾病和上肢肌肉骨骼疾病，并与特殊人群的研究有关，这是NIOA的另一个优先事项。