MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS, ALCOHOL USE, AND DEVELOPMENT

早晚、饮酒和发育

• 批准号: 6362189
• 负责人: LYNETTE F COFER
• 金额: $ 14.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-03-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6362189
• 关键词: Scandinavian; Scandinavian country; adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse prevention; arousal; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); circadian rhythms; clinical research; coping; dark adaptation; disease /disorder etiology; fatigue; functional ability; human data; light adaptations; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; outcomes research; parent offspring interaction; prognosis; sleep; statistics /biometry; wakefulness

The goal of this proposal is to determine the ways in which an unstudied risk/protective factor - Morningness/Eveningness- contributes to alcohol abuse etiologies and prevention. The thrust of our efforts is a theoretically derived examination of a wide array of assessments of social functioning and alcohol abuse. The proposed project consists of further preparation and secondary analysis of data from four Swedish longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. In the developmental framework that guides the research, alcohol problems develop or diminish in configurations with other individual attributes and are embedded within social circumstances across the life cycle. We are concerned with processes that underlie behavioral continuities and changes. Theoretical support is provided by finding that stable individual differences in light/dark entrainment and associated physiological states of arousal and fatigue -- Morning- and Evening-types -- first emerge at 6 months. For M-types, morning arousal is consistent with cultural expectations and related to adaptive functioning at home and in school. For E-types, morning fatigue and evening arousal are linked to risk factors, including alcohol abuse, school disaffection, conflicts with parents, and antisocial behavior. Exceptions to findings, i.e., resilient E-types and vulnerable M-types are of importance. Traditional univariate and multivariate statistical procedures will be used when appropriate to the data. For other purposes, a person-oriented approach will be used to identify homogenous configurations through cluster analyses; developmental trajectories of resultant configurations will be tested in conjunction with hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). Specific aims include: (1) test predictions that psychological functioning and interactions with parents will not differ for E- and M-types in infancy and early preschool years, but appear with increased demands for morning performance by age 5; (2) test predictions that low morning arousal indicators, including fatigue, dark moods, and depression will be related to Eveningness, but unrelated to alcohol abuse; depression in M-types, particularly females, may be associated with alcohol abuse; and (3) map configurations of risk and resilience at different points in development to clarify multiple etiologic processes and demonstrate that developmental systems theory links disparate outcomes.

这项提案的目的是确定一个未研究的风险/保护因素-晨兴/夜兴-有助于酒精滥用病因学和预防的方式。 我们努力的主旨是从理论上对社会功能和酗酒的各种评估进行检查。 拟议的项目包括进一步准备和二次分析数据从四个瑞典的纵向和横向研究。 在指导研究的发展框架中，酒精问题在与其他个人属性的配置中发展或减少，并嵌入整个生命周期的社会环境中。 我们关注的是行为连续性和变化的基础过程。 通过发现光/暗夹带和相关的唤醒和疲劳的生理状态-早晨和晚上类型-在6个月时首次出现的稳定的个体差异提供了理论支持。 对于M型，早晨的觉醒与文化期望一致，并与家庭和学校的适应功能有关。 对于E型，早晨疲劳和晚上觉醒与风险因素有关，包括酗酒，学校不满，与父母的冲突以及反社会行为。 根据调查结果，即弹性E型和脆弱M型是重要的。在适用于数据时，将使用传统的单变量和多变量统计程序。 出于其他目的，将采用以人为本的方法，通过聚类分析确定同质配置;将结合分层线性建模（HLM）测试由此产生的配置的发展轨迹。 具体目标包括：（1）测试预测，在婴儿期和学龄前早期，E型和M型的心理功能和与父母的互动不会有差异，但到5岁时，对早晨表现的需求会增加;（2）测试预测，低早晨唤醒指标，包括疲劳，黑暗情绪和抑郁，将与晚上有关，但与酗酒无关; M型抑郁症，特别是女性，可能与酗酒有关;（3）在发展的不同点，以澄清多种病因过程，并证明发展系统理论联系不同的结果地图配置的风险和弹性。