OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT

职业暴露评估

• 批准号: 6289544
• 负责人: PATRICIA STEWART
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6289544
• 关键词: agriculture worker; bladder neoplasm; blood /lymphatic neoplasm; brain neoplasms; cancer risk; chemical carcinogen; chemical related neoplasm /cancer; clinical research; dosage; engine exhaust; environment related neoplasm /cancer; human subject; industry; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nonwater solvent; occupational hazard; organic chemicals; parents; pesticides; reproductive system neoplasm; respiratory neoplasm; silicates

Assessment of occupational exposures is a crucial factor in evaluating dose-response relationships and most studies conducted by the Branch have an extensive exposure assessment component. Major assessment efforts in cohort studies have involved exposures to asbestos, organic solvents, pesticides, benzene, xylene, toluene, and diesel fumes. In the case- control design, jobs have been evaluated for a wide variety of exposures, including chlorinated hydrocarbons and other solvents, asbestos, formaldehyde, electromagnetic fields, physical activity, nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides. These exposures have been evaluated in studies of cancer of the peritoneum, breast, kidney, stomach, nasopharynx, esophagus, pancreas, brain, and lymphatic and hematopoietic system and for studies of parental occupation and childhood cancers. Methodologic studies are also conducted to improve exposure assessment techniques and to understand exposure patterns. Thirty job-specific questionnaires have been developed for a new case-control study of nonHodgkins lymphoma that allow collection of detailed solvent information. Comparison of jobs identified on death certificates is being made with work history records. Investigations are being made on the reliability of industrial hygienists assessing exposures and viewing a videotape of pesticide applications. A computer program to assist in exposure assessment for cohort and for case-control studies is being developed. A review of pesticide information available in the public arena provided guidance on how to assess exposures to migrant workers. A report describing the exposure assessment procedures in the Chinese benzene study was developed. A review paper indicated what types of data are needed for epidemiologic studies and how they can be used. Areas of future challenges in the field of exposure assesment were described. - occupation, exposure assessment, asbestos, solvents, pesticides, benzene, xylene, toluene, diesel , formaldehyde, physical activity, nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, peritoneal cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, stomach cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, esop - Human Subjects & Human Subjects: Interview, Questionaires, or Surveys Only

评估职业暴露是评估剂量反应关系的关键因素，而分支机构进行的大多数研究都具有广泛的暴露评估成分。队列研究中的主要评估工作涉及对石棉，有机溶剂，农药，苯，二甲苯，甲苯和柴油烟雾的暴露。在案例控制设计中，已经评估了各种暴露的工作，包括氯化烃和其他溶剂，石棉，甲醛，电磁场，体育活动，硝基胺，多环状芳香族芳族芳香族烃和载体。这些暴露在腹膜，乳腺癌，肾脏，胃，鼻咽，食道，胰腺，脑，脑以及淋巴和造血系统的癌症研究中都得到了评估。还进行了方法论研究，以改善暴露评估技术并了解暴露模式。已经开发了三十个工作特定的问卷，用于一项新的非霍奇金斯淋巴瘤的病例对照研究，该研究允许收集详细的溶剂信息。在工作历史记录中，正在对死亡证书确定的工作进行比较。正在对评估暴露和观看农药应用录像带的工业卫生学家的可靠性进行调查。正在开发一项计算机计划，以协助进行队列和病例对照研究的暴露评估。公共场所可用的农药信息的审查提供了有关如何评估移民工人接触的指导。一份描述了中国苯研究中暴露评估程序的报告。审查论文指出，流行病学研究需要哪些类型的数据以及如何使用它们。描述了曝光评估领域的未来挑战领域。 - 职业，暴露评估，石棉，溶剂，农药，苯，二甲苯，甲苯，甲苯，柴油，甲醛，体育活动，体育锻炼，硝基胺，多环状芳香族烃，腹膜腹腔癌，乳腺癌，乳腺癌，肾脏癌，肾脏癌，胃癌，鼻癌，人类疾病，人类和人类和人类疾病，疾病和人类疾病，质疑和人类，质疑，质疑，质疑，质疑，质疑，疾病：