Sounding the Stars - Asteroseismology of Stars with Sun-like Oscillations

探寻星星——具有类太阳振荡的恒星的星震学

• 批准号: ST/F002041/1
• 负责人: William Chaplin
• 金额: $ 42.75万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FF002041%2F1
• 关键词: Sounding; Stars; Asteroseismology; Sun; like

Stars are building blocks of the universe, and are crucial sources of energy for giving conditions which can support life. Knowledge on how stars are born, live, evolve, and then die, underpins much of our understanding of the universe. Our research will 'peer' deep inside stars to understand how they work, and to add previously unknown knowledge on the life-cycles of the stars. Our research will also provide important information for 'planet hunters', who are searching for potentially habitable planets like Earth orbiting other stars. We are interested in stars that vibrate gently like our own star, the Sun. Although you cannot see it without special equipment, the Sun is shaking. Bubbling motion just under the visible surface of the Sun is constantly feeding in energy, and the Sun responds by vibrating just like a (very) large musical instrument. The 'notes' of the Sun's music are very interesting to astronomers. They are made by sound waves, some of which have travelled deep inside the Sun, and their frequencies (the pitch of the notes) depend on conditions they meet on the way. For example, the frequencies depend on the density and temperature of the material inside the Sun, and studying them allows astronomers to essentially get an ultrasound scan of our nearest star by 'sounding' its interior. Because the Sun is a ball of largely ionized gas, when it shakes it gently oscillates. The oscillations make the surface move to and fro at a couple of metres per second (a slow walking pace!), and it takes about 5 minutes to go through a complete cycle. Just detecting this small movement is very hard, and takes specially designed instruments. But doing so for other stars is much, much harder again, because they are many orders of magnitude fainter than the Sun. The solar oscillations were discovered in the 1960s, and it took until the mid to late 1990s for ingenious astronomers to discover oscillations like them on another star. There are now more than a dozen stars that have been observed to oscillate like the Sun. They range from stars that both look like, and are at the same points in their life cycles, as the Sun; through to much more mature stars that have expanded in their old ages to become 'red giants'. We now stand on the threshold of an exciting expansion in observations of the oscillations on other stars, with the launch of new space missions, and continuation of observations from telescopes around the world. These observations will allow astronomers to test their theories of how all stars live and evolve, by peering into their interiors, like we can for the Sun. That is what we propose to do. We will use the exciting new data from telescopes and space missions to 'sound the stars'. Our work will also go hand-in-hand with searches for Earth-like planets around other stars. That is because we will use data from NASA's Kepler space mission, which will look for oscillations and hunt for planets, at the same time. Our work will help to reveal the nature of stars around which planets are found, and will also give us more information on the planets themselves.

恒星是宇宙的基础，是给能够支持生命的条件的关键能源。了解星星如何出生，生活，进化然后死亡，这是我们对宇宙的大部分理解的基础。我们的研究将“凝视”内心的明星，以了解它们的工作原理，并在星星的生命周期内添加以前未知的知识。我们的研究还将为“星球猎人”提供重要信息，他们正在寻找像地球一样绕过其他恒星等潜在可居住的行星。我们对像我们自己的明星The Sun一样轻轻振动的星星感兴趣。尽管没有特殊设备，您看不到它，但阳光在发抖。在阳光的可见表面下，冒泡的运动一直在能量供电，太阳的响应是像（非常）大型乐器一样振动。太阳音乐的“笔记”对天文学家来说非常有趣。它们是由声波制成的，其中有些是在太阳深处传播的，它们的频率（音符的音调）取决于他们在途中遇到的条件。例如，频率取决于太阳内部材料的密度和温度，并研究它们使天文学家通过“响起”其内部来实质上可以对我们最近的星星进行超声扫描。因为太阳是一个大部分电离气体的球，所以当它轻轻振荡时。振荡使表面以每秒几米（步行速度缓慢！）的形式移动，并以完整的周期进行大约5分钟的时间。仅检测这种小动作非常困难，并且采用了专门设计的仪器。但是，对于其他恒星，这样做再次要困难得多，因为它们比太阳的数量级很多。太阳能振荡是在1960年代发现的，直到1990年代中期到1990年代后期才使巧妙的天文学家在另一颗恒星上发现类似它们的振荡。现在，已经观察到像太阳一样振荡的十几颗恒星。它们的范围从看起来像是的星星，并且在他们的生命周期中，与太阳相同。到更加成熟的恒星，这些恒星已经扩大到了老年，成为“红色巨人”。现在，随着新的太空任务的发射以及延续全球望远镜的观察，我们正处于观察其他明星振荡的令人兴奋的扩展的门槛。这些观察结果将使天文学家能够通过凝视自己的室内装饰来测试他们的理论，即我们可以像太阳一样凝视他们的内部。这就是我们建议做的。我们将使用望远镜和太空任务中令人兴奋的新数据来“听起来有星星”。我们的工作还将与搜索其他恒星周围的类似地球行星并驾齐驱。那是因为我们将使用NASA的开普勒太空任务中的数据，该数据将同时寻找振荡和寻找行星。我们的工作将有助于揭示围绕哪些行星的恒星本质，还将为我们提供有关行星本身的更多信息。

项目成果

Determining stellar radii using large separations: an error analysis

• DOI: 10.1007/s10509-009-0164-x
• 发表时间: 2010-07
• 期刊: Astrophysics and Space Science
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: S. Basu;W. Chaplin;Y. Elsworth

Solar-like oscillations in HD 181420: data analysis of 156 days of CoRoT data

HD 181420中的类太阳振荡：156天CoRoT数据的数据分析

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200911937
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Barban C

SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS IN LOW-LUMINOSITY RED GIANTS: FIRST RESULTS FROM KEPLER

低光度红巨星中的类太阳振荡：开普勒的第一个结果

• DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/713/2/l176
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Bedding T

A MULTI-SITE CAMPAIGN TO MEASURE SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS IN PROCYON. II. MODE FREQUENCIES

测量南河三星中类太阳振荡的多站点活动。

• DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/935
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Bedding T

DETERMINATION OF STELLAR RADII FROM ASTEROSEISMIC DATA

• DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/710/2/1596
• 发表时间: 2009-09
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Basu;W. Chaplin;Y. Elsworth