CHANGING PENSION SYSTEMS IN UNITED STATES, EUROPE, ASIA, AND TRANSITION NATIONS

这是一个竞争性的延续应用程序，用于扩展的项目2和3 我们最初的P01提案。它将使用卢森堡收入研究数据来 看看老年人口相对经济福祉的变化 致加拿大、澳大利亚、中欧、俄罗斯、西方 欧洲、斯堪的纳维亚和亚洲，将它们的情况与 美国。该项目将同时使用现金和非现金收入衡量标准。 并将探讨医疗保健费用在衡量 经济福祉。社会和私人养老金制度的能力 老有所养，老有所养。该项目将 研究65岁及以上人士的经济福祉，特别是 强调老年妇女的地位。 我们将开始重新评估美国老年人的经济福祉， 更新我们对20世纪80年代至90年代的原始分析，并添加 从几个方面来看。我们将特别注意自付费用 老年人和我们的医疗保健费用和其他形式的非现金收入 将对实际购买力-调整后的美元进行一系列比较 条款。比较静态微观仿真在一个跨国企业中的应用 说明收入支持和医疗保健费用的变化如何 影响经济福祉。然后，我们将探讨社交媒体的作用 年退休制度与职业养老金和储蓄的比较 提供经济安全的各个组成部分：扶贫、 收入替代和收入稳定。在这里，我们将特别安排 强调妇女在社会退休和私人退休中的养老金权利 收入系统。最后，我们将探索经济状况的差异- 在各种类型的延长居住安排中属于老年人。

This is a competing continuation application to extend Projects 2 and 3 of our original P01 proposal. It will use Luxembourg Income Study data to look at changes in the economic well-being of older populations relative to the nonaged in Canada, Australia, Central Europe, Russia, Western Europe, Scandinavia and Asia, comparing their situation with that in the United States. The project will use both cash and noncash income measures and will explore the role of health care expenses in measurement of economic well-being. The ability of social and private pension systems to produce economic security in old age will be explored. The project will study the economic well-being of persons age 65 and over, with particular emphasis on the status of older women. We will begin reassessing the economic well-being of older Americans by updating our original analyses for the 1980s through the l990s and adding to it in several ways. We will pay special attention to out-of-pocket health care costs and other forms of noncash income among the aged and we will make a number of comparisons in real purchasing power-adjusted dollar terms. Comparative static microsimulation is employed in a crossnational context to show how changes in income support and health care expenses can affect economic well-being. We will then explore the role of social retirement systems as compared to occupational pensions and savings in providing various components of economic security: poverty alleviation, income replacement, and income stability. Here we will place special emphasis on women's pension rights in both social and private retirement income systems. Finally, we will explore the differences in economic well- being among the aged in various types of extended living arrangements.