Determining the role of non-axial deformation on proton decays; DPUNS - A Differential Plunger for Unbound Nuclear States.

这笔赠款将加深我们对核稳定的一个基本限制的理解。当越来越多的质子被添加到原子核中时，原子核会出现一个点，在这个点上，原子核不能再抓住最后一个质子。这一点称为质子滴线。最后一个质子被吸收后，通常会在很短的时间内以毫秒或微秒的规模重新发射出来。然而，在皮秒时间尺度上，通过伽马射线发射衰变的激发态仍然可以存在于未受质子束缚的原子核中。在这项资助中，我们将通过建立一个新的探测器DPUNS来表征这些激发态，它将唯一地允许测量它们的寿命。这又使得第一次能够确定质子非结合核的形状。由于质子发射半衰期敏感地依赖于原子核的形状，因此对质子衰变的一致理解是我们的目标。这项提议包含了与世界上一些质子衰变专家的合作。我们将一起使用独特的新数据进行新的计算，以检查不对称核形状对质子发射率的作用，从而了解核力的约束。这是一项具有挑战性的提议，有可能使我们研究质子滴线以外的核结构的能力发生重大变化。

This grant will further our understanding of one of the fundamental limits of nuclear stability. As more and more protons are added to a nucleus there comes a point at which the nucleus can no longer hold on to the last proton. This point is called the proton drip line. The last proton will usually be re-emitted in a very short time, on the scale of milliseconds or microseconds, after it has been absorbed. Nevertheless, excited states which decay by gamma-ray emission, on a picosecond time scale, can still exist in proton-unbound nuclei. In this grant we will characterise these excited states by building a new detector, DPUNS, which will uniquely allow the measurement of their lifetimes. This in turn permits, for the first time, the determination of the shapes of proton-unbound nuclei. Since the proton emission half-life depends sensitively on the shape of the nucleus, a consistent understanding of proton decay is our objective. This proposal contains a collaborative aspect with some of the world's experts in proton decays. Together, we will perform new calculations with unique new data to examine the role of asymmetric nuclear shapes on the proton emission rates and thereby, learn about the binding of the nuclear force. This is a challenging proposal which has the potential to bring about a step change in our ability to investigate nuclear structure beyond the proton drip line.