PrepSKA-II

PrepSKA-II

• 批准号: ST/I000100/1
• 负责人: Paul Alexander
• 金额: $ 44.47万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FI000100%2F1
• 关键词: PrepSKA; II

Astronomers are developing the next generation of instruments to probe to the furthest reaches of the Universe. To understand the complex phenomena that are seen scientists need to observe across the electromagnetic spectrum since radio waves provide a different view of an object than is seen in the mm/sub-mm, infrared, optical or X-ray bands. ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimetre Array, is under construction in the Chilean Andes; Europe's optical/infrared astronomers are developing the E-ELT, a 42m telescope; the X-Ray community is planning Xeus, a sophisticated orbiting observatory. In the radio band plans are well advanced for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). The SKA will be one of the most complex scientific instruments ever built. It will, when fully deployed, consist of a continent-sized array of ~4000 dishes, with an aperture array component allowing huge fields-of-view, working in the frequency range 70MHz to ~25GHz. The array will be supported by an IT infrastructure designed to handle data rates comparable to the current internet traffic of the Earth. Two sites are under consideration, in Australia and Southern Africa. The SKA, uniquely amongst major scientific instruments and only made possible by its phased construction plan, will be able to deliver ground-breaking science while still under construction. The breadth of science that the SKA will address is truly remarkable; one should regard it as a physics machine rather than just a telescope. It will be used to explore many of the major outstanding problems in astrophysics, cosmology and particle-astrophysics today. These include our understanding of the birth of the first stars and galaxies, study of the large-scale structure of the universe and the role of dark energy and hot and cold dark matter. Astronomers will also use the SKA to determine whether general relativity holds in the strong gravitational fields associated with massive black holes, understand the origin and evolution of cosmic magnetism, and explore the conditions required for life elsewhere in our galaxy. In this proposal, three Universities (Cambridge, Manchester and Oxford) are continuing their highly-successful technology R&D programme (the STFC and EC-funded SKA Design Study). The project, UK-PrepSKA, will be fully integrated with the global Preparatory Study for the SKA (PrepSKA), which has been awarded 5.5M Euors to coordinate the massive development programme underway in 19 different countries and to develop plans for the governance structure, legal framework and procurement policy under which the SKA will be constructed and operated. STFC are the coordinators of PrepSKA UK-PrepSKA will run until Q1 2012, matching the global programme. The principal deliverable of the project is to develop a detailed design for Phase 1 of the SKA to enable the partners to go to governments for construction funding for the first 15-20% of the complete SKA.

天文学家正在开发下一代仪器，以探测宇宙的最深处。为了理解观测到的复杂现象，科学家们需要在电磁波谱上进行观察，因为无线电波提供了一个与毫米/亚毫米、红外、光学或x射线波段不同的物体视图。位于智利安第斯山脉的阿塔卡马大型毫米波阵列正在建设中；欧洲的光学/红外天文学家正在开发E-ELT，一种42米的望远镜；x射线团体正在计划建造一个复杂的轨道天文台Xeus。在无线电频段上，平方公里阵列（SKA）的计划进展顺利。SKA将是有史以来建造的最复杂的科学仪器之一。完全部署后，它将由一个约4000个天线组成的大陆阵列组成，其中有一个孔径阵列组件，可以提供巨大的视野，工作频率范围为70MHz至~25GHz。该阵列将由IT基础设施提供支持，旨在处理与当前地球互联网流量相当的数据速率。两个地点正在考虑之中，分别在澳大利亚和非洲南部。SKA在主要科学仪器中是独一无二的，只有通过分阶段的建设计划才有可能实现，它将能够在建设中提供突破性的科学。SKA将涉及的科学广度确实是非凡的；人们应该把它看作一台物理机器，而不仅仅是一台望远镜。它将用于探索当今天体物理学、宇宙学和粒子天体物理学中的许多重大突出问题。这包括我们对第一批恒星和星系诞生的理解，对宇宙大尺度结构的研究，以及暗能量和热暗物质和冷暗物质的作用。天文学家还将利用SKA来确定广义相对论是否适用于与大质量黑洞相关的强引力场，了解宇宙磁力的起源和演化，并探索银河系其他地方生命存在所需的条件。在这个提案中，三所大学（剑桥、曼彻斯特和牛津）正在继续他们非常成功的技术研发计划（STFC和欧盟资助的SKA设计研究）。该项目名为UK-PrepSKA，将与SKA全球筹备研究（PrepSKA）完全整合，该研究已获得550万欧元的资金，用于协调19个不同国家正在进行的大规模开发项目，并制定SKA建设和运营的治理结构、法律框架和采购政策计划。STFC是英国PrepSKA项目的协调人。PrepSKA项目将运行到2012年第一季度，与全球项目相匹配。该项目的主要交付成果是为SKA第一阶段制定详细设计，使合作伙伴能够向政府申请SKA最初15-20%的建设资金。

项目成果

Cosmic magnetic fields in galaxies, groups and clusters

星系、星系团和星团中的宇宙磁场

• DOI: 10.1017/s1743921309031378
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union
• 作者: Geisbuesch J

A colour scheme for the display of astronomical intensity images

用于显示天文强度图像的配色方案

• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: BULLETIN OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
• 作者: Green D. A.

System noise analysis of an ultra wide band aperture array element for low frequency radio astronomy

低频射电天文超宽带孔径阵元的系统噪声分析

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: De Lera-Acedo, E.,Razavi-Ghods, N.,Garcia, E.,Duffett-Smith, P.,Alexander, P.

SKA AA-low front-end developments (At Cambridge University)

SKA AA-低前端开发（剑桥大学）

• DOI: 10.1109/eucap.2012.6206593
• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: De Lera Acedo E

System design for SKA capable Aperture Arrays

支持 SKA 的孔径阵列的系统设计

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED APPLICATIONS (ICEAA)
• 作者: Alexander, P