NORMAL & IMPAIRED TEMPORAL PROCESSING OF COMPLEX SOUNDS

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）：长期 这项建议的目的是为以下方面制定精确的定量模型： 正常人和听力受损者对音调、噪音和语言的感知。 这些模型可能有助于为听力障碍提供更好的诊断工具 以及更好地帮助听力受损的听众康复。拟建项目 旨在研究听觉系统中影响听觉系统的动态过程， 感知响度和粗糙度，并继续这些建模 流程.模型预测将与获得的心理声学数据进行比较 在强迫选择实验中，耳蜗受损的听众和正常的听众， 听众在安静的环境中接受测试， 被成形为产生与受损的收听者的阈值相等的阈值。 具体目标包括四个方面。具体目标1是测试几个 长短等声压级响度比的相关假设 声音.将测量长音调和短音调的双耳响度总和 作为水平的函数。一个新的范例将被用来确定如何响度 通过测量所需持续时间的差异， 在等声压级的单音和双音之间产生相等的响度， 纯音和音调与音调复合体之间的区别。具体目标2测试 假设强烈的“重新校准”音调会降低正常值的斜率 听众 * 响度功能，用于随后中等水平的测试音调， 在受损的听众中，重新校准减少或不存在，因为它是 由外毛细胞的传出作用介导。响度匹配 将获得不同频率的音调作为电平的函数， 而无需预先呈现85-dB-SPL重新校准音。的影响 还将检查关于响度的时间积分的重新校准。 具体目标3是检验响度函数的形式 对于低和中等水平的音调， 最大基底膜振动幅度的平方。远期增长 将用通频掩蔽器和离频掩蔽器进行掩蔽， 从双耳响度总和的测量和从 响度时间积分的测量。具体目标4是测试 假设响度重新校准以中等水平降低粗糙度。 将获得作为水平函数的跨频率粗糙度匹配， 并且无需重新校准。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) : The long-term objective of this proposal is to formulate precise, quantitative models for the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models may aid in providing better diagnostic tools for hearing impairment and better rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to investigate dynamic processes in the auditory system that affect the perception of loudness and roughness and to continue modeling of these processes. Model predictions will be compared to psychoacoustic data obtained in forced-choice experiments with cochlearly impaired listeners and with normal listeners tested in the quiet and with continuous maskers that are spectrally shaped to produce thresholds equal to those of an impaired listener. The specific aims encompass four areas. Specific aim 1 is to test several hypotheses related to the loudness ratio between equal-SPL long and short sounds. Binaural loudness summation for long and short tones will be measured as a function of level. A novel paradigm will be used to determine how loudness grows with stimulus duration by measuring the difference in duration required to produce equal loudness between equal-SPL monotic and diotic tones and between pure tones and tone and tone complexes. Specific aim 2 tests the hypotheses that intense 'recalibration' tones reduce the slope of normal listeners* loudness function for subsequent test tones at moderate levels and that recalibration is reduced or absent in impaired listeners, because it is mediated by efferent action on the outer hair cells. Loudness matches between tones at different frequencies will be obtained as a function of level with and without prior presentation of 85-dB-SPL recalibration tones. The effect of recalibration on temporal integration of loudness also will be examined. Specific aim 3 is to test the hypothesis that the form of the loudness function for a tone at low and moderate levels is approximately proportional to the square of the maximal basilar-membrane vibration amplitude. Growth of forward masking with on- and off-frequency maskers will be compared to loudness functions derived from measurements of binaural loudness summation and from measurements of temporal integration of loudness. Specific aim 4 is to test the hypothesis that loudness recalibration reduces roughness at moderate levels. Across-frequency roughness matches will be obtained as a function of level with and without recalibration.