Regional brain metabolism studies

在这个资助项目的前五年里，生理学研究 使用局部脑血流、事件相关电位和正电子 放射性断层扫描分别表明神经系统的改变， 组织，特别是在左半球，在阅读障碍 个体 目前的建议旨在统一机构资源规划和PET 生理学方法以及MRI轮廓整合到一个集成的 的神经行为基底的解剖学和行为学描述 阅读障碍 因此，生理测量将在测量期间进行。 选择认知任务的表现，以引出特定的，局部的， 激活区。 在三组受试者（阅读障碍者和正常人）中， 读者）与有据可查的童年阅读数据，四个任务将是 通过这些方法来衡量。 在实验1中，一组10人将 在PET扫描期间执行两个听觉语言激活任务。 在 实验二，40人一组进行跨通道语言激活 任务期间进行PET和ERP测量。所有PET上的MR图像 扫描参与者将允许重建和测量 以确定解剖特征 阅读障碍 在实验3中，另一组40人将进行视觉测试。 字母和单词的辨别范式，再次在脑事件相关电位（ERP）期间， 和PET测量，以及用于解剖重建的MR图像。 在 实验四，100名不同阅读障碍的被试，他们的配偶， 其中150名儿童将接受事件相关电位测量 在各种视觉任务中，允许直接与父母进行比较， 数据以及儿童纵向正常，阅读受损， 在我们目前的头五年收集的风险样本 程序项目。 我们将专门检验一元的假设， 潜在的生理缺陷表现在这些生理缺陷中的每一个中。 测量域。

In the first five years of this funded project, physiological studies using regional cerebral blood flow, event-related potentials, and positron emission tomography have separately suggested alterations of neural organization, particularly in the left hemisphere, in dyslexic individuals. The current proposal aims to unify the ERP and PET physiological methods as well as MRI profiles into an integrated anatomical and behavioral description of the neurobehavioral substrate of dyslexia. Accordingly, physiological measurements would be made during the performance of cognitive tasks chosen to elicit specific, localized regions of activation. In three groups of subjects (dyslexics and normal readers) with well-documented childhood reading data, four tasks will be measured across these methods. In Experiment 1, a group of 10 will perform two auditory linguistic activation tasks during PET scanning. In Experiment 2, a group of 40 will perform crossmodal linguistic activation tasks during simultaneouS PET and ERP measurement. MR images on all PET scan participants will allow reconstruction and measurement of the temporal plana and caudates to determine the anatomical characterization of dyslexia. In Experiment 3, another group of 40 will perform visual letter and word discrimination paradigms, again during simultaneouS ERP and PET measurement, with MR images for anatomical reconstruction. In Experiment 4, 100 subjects varying in reading disability, their spouses, and 150 of their children will undergo event-related potential measurement during various visual tasks, allowing direct comparison to their parent data as well as to the childhood longitudinal normal, reading impaired, and at-risk samples collected in the first five years of our current program project. We will specifically test the hypothesis of a unitary, underlying physiological deficit manifest in each of these physiological measurement domains.