Young Adult Literacy Problems: Prevalence and Treatment

描述（由申请人提供）：年轻成人人口（18至25岁）的功能性文盲不仅是国家经济生产力的消耗;它也被记录为获得适当医疗保健的主要障碍和抑郁症和自杀的主要独立风险因素。根据美国国立卫生研究院的申请，这项拟议中的研究有两个主要阶段：（1）确定年轻成年人阅读技能差的患病率;（2）比较治疗方案的疗效。后者是通过一种设计来实现的，该设计将允许在已知对儿童阅读至关重要的四个领域中分离有效的教学类型，并且怀疑在成人中也是如此：（a）语音解码（读出单词），（B）流畅性（即，从字母代码到声音代码，最终到意义的自动“翻译”;（c）词汇;（d）文本理解。预计不同类型的教学将对具有不同技能优势和劣势的人产生不同的效果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional illiteracy in the young adult population (ages 18 to 25) is not only a drain on the nation's economic productivity; it is also documented as a major obstacle to adequate health care and a major independent risk factor for depression and suicide. The proposed research, responsive to an NIH request for applications, has two major phases (1) determine the prevalence of poor reading skills in the young adult population; and (2) compare treatment regimes for efficacy. The latter is accomplished by a design that will permit the isolation of effective types of instruction in four areas known to be crucial to reading in children, and suspected to be so in adults; (a) phonological decoding (sounding out words), (b) fluency (i.e., automatic "translation" from the letter code to the sound code and ultimately to the meaning; (c) vocabulary; and (d) text comprehension. It is expected that the different types of instruction will be differentially effective for persons with different skill profiles of strength and weakness.