NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL AND MOTOR INTEGRATION OF BIRDSONG

鸟鸣的神经肌肉控制和运动整合

• 批准号: 6342377
• 负责人: FRANZ GOLLER
• 金额: $ 14.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6342377
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; electromyography; learning; neural information processing; neuromuscular function; respiratory airflow measurement; songbirds; vocalization

The proposed research focuses on the motor control and motor coordination of complex vocal communication in songbirds. Song production in birds involve coordination of the vocal and respiratory motor systems and, thus, represents a motor task similar to the control of human speech and singing. Furthermore, motor patterns for song production are learned in a way that parallels vocal learning in human infants. A number of peripheral motor correlates of song, including recordings of bronchial airflow patterns, subsyringeal air ac pressure, electromyography and sonomicrometry of syringeal and respiratory muscles will be studied to illuminate motor the muscles of both sides of the vocal organ as well as the expiratory and inspiratory muscles. Synchronization of vocal and visual displays will be explored for the first time. Information gained from this research will not constitute a description of the peripheral motor patterns but, at the same time, outline the specific tasks of the central motor control. The sonomicrometric information during spontaneous vocal behavior will provide the first evidence on muscle shortening patterns for any vocal system including the human larynx. In addition, physical and neuromuscular constraints on vocal production will be explored by comparing motor correlates of heterospecific vocal mimicry to those of the tutor species. Specific questions that can be addressed include the variance of invariance of motor gestures for acoustic communication, physiological and morphological constraints on motor performance and bilateral processes leading to lateralized behavior. The integrative nature of this research will generate results of wide interdisciplinary interest, including disciplines such as neurobiology, respiratory physiology, linguistics, neuroethology and evolution.

本研究的重点是鸣禽复杂发声交流的运动控制和运动协调。鸟类的发声涉及发声和呼吸运动系统的协调，因此代表了类似于人类语言和歌唱控制的运动任务。此外，歌曲产生的运动模式是以与人类婴儿的发声学习相似的方式学习的。一些周边运动相关的歌曲，包括记录支气管气流模式，舌下空气交流压力，肌电图和声显微镜的舌和呼吸肌将被研究，照亮电机的两侧的肌肉的发声器官，以及呼气和吸气肌肉。将首次探索声音和视觉显示的同步。从这项研究中获得的信息将不会构成外围运动模式的描述，但同时，概述了中央运动控制的具体任务。自发发声行为过程中的声测信息将为包括人类喉在内的任何发声系统的肌肉缩短模式提供第一个证据。此外，物理和神经肌肉的限制，声乐生产将探讨通过比较运动相关的异性声乐模仿的导师物种。具体的问题，可以解决包括声学通信，生理和形态上的限制，运动性能和双边进程，导致偏侧行为的运动姿态的不变性的变化。这项研究的综合性质将产生广泛的跨学科兴趣的结果，包括神经生物学，呼吸生理学，语言学，神经行为学和进化等学科。