LABORATORY MODEL FOR HEROIN ABUSE MEDICATIONS

海洛因滥用药物的实验室模型

• 批准号: 6340807
• 负责人: MARIAN W FISCHMAN
• 金额: $ 31.38万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6340807
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; buprenorphine; clinical research; combination chemotherapy; dextromethorphan; drug abuse; drug abuse chemotherapy; drug addiction antagonist; drug adverse effect; drug interactions; drug screening /evaluation; health care model; health services research tag; heroin; human subject; human therapy evaluation; inhalation drug administration; intramuscular injections; intravenous drug abuse; longitudinal human study; model design /development; naloxone; naltrexone; narcotic antagonists; nutrient intake activity; oral administration; performance; questionnaires; reinforcer; self medication; social behavior; substance abuse related disorder

Heroin use and treatment admissions for heroin dependence have been increasing steadily over the past several years. Clearly, there is a need for new effective treatments for opioid dependence. Although methadone, levo alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM), and naltrexone are currently approved for the treatment of opioid dependence, many problems are associated with their use such as patient noncompliance, continued opioid use during treatment, and high relapse rates during withdrawal from treatment. Several possible causes for these problems have been suggested but insufficient research has been conducted to evaluate the effects of these medications on ongoing human behavior in a research laboratory setting. In the proposed research, participants residing in a controlled setting will be given the opportunity to work for heroin and money. These studies will examine the multiplicity of ways in which several current and proposed medications affect heroin consumption, performance, mood, physiological measures, and participants' verbal reports of drug effects. The model thus developed will be used to evaluate potential new medications for opioid abuse as they are developed and before they are put into large multi-center trials. The specific aims of the proposal are to evaluate: l) the effects of the combination tablet containing buprenorphine and naloxone; 2) the time course and efficacy of a depot formulation of naltrexone; 3) the ability of oral naltrexone maintenance to induce supersensitivity to the effects of heroin; and 4) the effects of memantine and dextromethorphan, which are low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists. Several of these medications will also be evaluated in another project as adjunct medications for the treatment of withdrawal during detoxification from heroin. Together, data from these projects should shed light on the effects of these medications on a broad range of heroin's effects, from actual heroin taking to detoxification from heroin.

在过去几年中，海洛因使用和因海洛因依赖而接受治疗的人数一直在稳步增加。显然，有必要为阿片类药物依赖寻找新的有效治疗方法。虽然美沙酮、左旋α -乙酰美沙醇（LAAM）和纳曲酮目前被批准用于治疗阿片类药物依赖，但许多问题与它们的使用有关，如患者不遵守规定，治疗期间继续使用阿片类药物，以及停药期间的高复发率。已经提出了这些问题的几个可能的原因，但没有进行足够的研究来评估这些药物对正在进行的人类行为在研究实验室环境中的影响。在拟议的研究中，居住在受控环境中的参与者将有机会为海洛因和金钱而工作。这些研究将检查几种现有和建议的药物影响海洛因消费、表现、情绪、生理指标和参与者对药物效果的口头报告的多种方式。由此开发的模型将用于评估阿片类药物滥用的潜在新药物，因为它们正在开发中，并且在它们投入大型多中心试验之前。该提案的具体目的是评估：1)含有丁丙诺啡和纳洛酮的联合片的效果；2)纳曲酮储备制剂的时间过程和疗效；3)口服纳曲酮维持对海洛因作用的超敏反应能力；4)低亲和力n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂美金刚和右美沙芬的作用。其中一些药物也将在另一个项目中作为治疗海洛因戒毒期间戒断的辅助药物进行评价。总之，来自这些项目的数据应该阐明这些药物对海洛因的广泛影响，从实际服用海洛因到从海洛因中脱毒。